基于PBL教学法研究生参与的糖尿病社区健康教育

尚立芝　陈晓辉　季　书　赵　川　刘　坦　张　静　李进京河南中医学院，河南郑州　450046

基于PBL教学法研究生参与的糖尿病社区健康教育

尚立芝陈晓辉季书▲赵川刘坦张静李进京
河南中医学院，河南郑州450046

目的 为使糖尿病患者掌握糖尿病基本知识，提高社区学员和研究生对糖尿病的认识水平，探讨PBL教学模式在糖尿病社区健康教育教学中的教学效果和现实意义。方法 从2013年9月～2015年7月研究生扮演调查员、教师、医生的角色协助老师，以郑州市社区糖尿病患者60例为研究对象，随机分为观察组（30例）和对照组（30例）。对照组采用传统讲授法，观察组采用PBL教学法，以观察组内任意一例糖尿病患者为案例。两组由相同教师授课；采用理论考试、调查问卷与实验室检测相结合的方式评价。结果 与对照组比较，观察组空腹血糖[（6.77±1.52）mmol/L vs（8.66±2.23）mmol/L，P＜0.01]、BMI[（25.23±2.35）kg/m2vs（26.69±2.45）kg/m2，P＜0.01]显著降低，理论考试成绩[（80.55±3.68）分 vs（50.45±4.33）分，P＜0.01]、运动持续时间[（80.12±5.52）min/d vs（30.25±4.33）min/d，P＜0.01]显著增高。结论 PBL教学法能够有效提高社区糖尿病健康教育的教学质量，研究生在参与过程中，迅速掌握糖尿病的理论知识、诊断治疗、预后评估及社区健康教育的技能、快速成长接诊协调、组织管理、调研宣传等能力，教学效果优于传统教学法，具有可行性和一定的现实意义。

研究生；PBL教学法；糖尿病；健康教育；教学方法

[Abstract]Objective To study the application of teaching mode of PBL on health education for diabetesmellitus in Henan province Zhengzhou city community，for postgraduatesand diabetes patients to master basic knowledge and improve the level of understanding on diabetes.Methods From September 2013 to July 2015，graduate students played the role of researchers，teachers，doctors to help the teacher，60 diabetes patients were divided into observation group （30）and control group（30）randomly，the traditional teaching method was used in control group，but observation group with PBL，a diabetic patient was selected in the observation group as a case.The teaching effectiveness was evaluated by theoretical examination，questionnaire and laboratory testing．Results The observation group compared with control group，fasting blood glucose[（6.77±1.52）vs（8.66±2.23），P＜0.01]，BMI[（25.23±2.35）vs（26.69±2.45），P＜0.05]were reduced significantly.But theory examination[（80.55±3.68）vs（50.45±4.33），P＜0.01]and exercise duration[（80.12± 5.52）vs（30.25±4.33），P＜0.01]results were increased obviously．Conclusion The teaching quality of diabetes health education was improved effectively by PBL teaching method in community.The graduate students master the theoretical knowledge，Their ability to diagnose and treatment，prognosis evaluat and community health educate on diabetes was increased quickly in the process of participation.The teaching effect of PBL is better than the traditional teaching method.It has feasibility and certain practical significance.

[Key words]Postgraduate;Teaching methodology of problem-based learning(PBL);Diabetesmellitus;Health education; Teaching method

糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）是以高血糖为特征的全身代谢性慢性疾病[1]。糖尿病及其所引起的并发症给个人、社会和国家带来沉重的经济负担，严重影响患者的生存质量。该病在社区居民中治疗率、控制率、知晓率均低，除使用药物外，糖尿病社区健康教育是全面有效控制糖尿病的关键方法之一。……