社区综合干预对高血压患者知识-态度-行为水平的影响

孙伟+蔡伟俊+章臣俊

摘 要 目的：分析社区综合干预对社区高血压患者知识-态度-行为水平的影响，以提高社区高血压防治工作。方法：2014年4-9月随机抽取普陀区桃浦镇社区卫生服务中心在册管理的高血压患者220例，分为干预组和对照组各110例，观察比较两组对象在社区综合干预后的高血压知识-态度-行为水平。结果：干预后，干预组高血压知识、态度、行为的总体正确回答率分别为80.00%、93.33%和67.62%，明显高于对照组的63.30%、81.65%和53.21%和干预前的58.18%、80.00%和49.09%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组干预前后知识、态度、行为差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：社区综合干预可有效提高社区高血压知识-态度-行为水平，应积极开展社区综合干预，不断提高社区慢性病管理工作。

关键词 高血压 知识-态度-行为 综合干预

中图分类号：R544.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）16-0044-04

Influence of the community comprehensive intervention on KAP level in the patients with hypertension

SUN Wei， CAI Weijun， ZHANG Chenjun

（Taopu Community Health Service Center of Putuo District， Shanghai 200331， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To analyze the influence of the community comprehensive intervention on the knowledge，attitude and practice（KAP） in the hypertensive patients in the community to improve the community prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods： A total of 220 cases of hypertension in the management in Taopu Community Health Service Center were randomly selected from April to August 2014 and divided into an intervention group and a control onewith 110 cases each.The total correct answer rates of KAP in the two groups were observed and compared after the community comprehensive intervention.Results： After the intervention，the correct answer rates of KAP were 80.00%、93.33% and 67.62% in the intervention group and higher than 63.30%、81.65%、53.21% in the control group and 58.18%、80.00%、49.09% in the intervention group before the intervention. The differences had the statistical significance（P<0.05）. The difference had no statistical significance in the control group before and after the intervention（P>0.05）. Conclusion： The community comprehensive intervention can effectively improve the KAP level of the community hypertension and the community comprehensive intervention should be actively developed to constantly improve the work of the community prevention and control of hypertensions.

KEY WORDS hypertension； knowledge， attitude and practice；comprehensive intervention

高血压是常见的心血管系统疾病之一，也是诱发心脑血管意外和其他慢性病的主要危险因素[1]。根据相关文献报道，我国高血压病的患病率2004年已达11.26%，但高血压病知识的知晓率只有30.2%，人们对高血压相关危险因素和保健知识的重视度还不够，高血压病患者能控制血压到合理范围者只有6.16%，服药率不到25%[2]。高血压病是一种慢性病、多发病，患病因素众多，给社会、家庭、个人带来极大的负担和痛苦[3]。然后高血压患者正确认识高血压的防治知识对高血压防治工作起到非常重要的作用，研究人员于2014年4—9月对桃浦镇高血压患者开展为期6个月的社区综合干预，为提高社区高血压防治工作提供依据，报道如下：

1 对象与方法