医教协同改革下临床医学生医德修养的培养

蒙世佼　许蓉　王磊

[摘要] 在医教协同深化临床医学人才培养改革背景下，医学生无论从就业还是升学的角度，都面临着尽快适应医生角色、规范医疗行为、并将良好的医德修养带入日常临床实践中的艰巨挑战。本文结合首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院多年临床德育工作经验和医德修养相关课程教学效果进行探讨，结果显示：医德教育应运用“将临床带入课堂，再将课堂带入临床”的方法，即通过课堂教学进行系统化的理论学习，同时通过临床实践不断提升医德修养水平，从而达到在医学生院校教育全过程中（包括本科、硕士和博士培养阶段）实现德育教育、医德修养和医疗实践培养相结合的目的。

[关键词] 医德修养；德育教育；临床医学；本科生；研究生

[中图分类号] G41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2016）03（a）-0161-04

Medical moral cultivation for clinical medical students under the new situation

MENG Shijiao1，2 XU Rong1，2 WANG Lei1，2

1.Department of Education， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University Capital Medical University Fifth Clinical School， Beijing 100050， China； 2.Moral Education Teaching and Research Section， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University Capital Medical University Fifth Clinical School， Beijing 100050， China

[Abtract] In the context of deepening reform of clinical medical personnel training by the cooperation of medical and education， medical students are faced with difficult challenges of adapting to the role of doctor as soon as possible， regulating medical behavior， and bringing the good medical ethics tutelage into routine clinical practice，no matter from the perspective of employment or entrance. This study is conducted by the experiences of clinical moral education from Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University combined with teaching effect of medical moral cultivation related courses. The results suggest that it is more effective by using the method of "taking clinic into the class， and then brought the class into clinic". It means the improving of the level of medical ethics could be achieved by systematic theoretical study in class teaching and clinical practice， so as to achieve the effective combination among moral education， medical moral cultivation and clinical practice in the whole process of education， including undergraduate， master and doctoral training stage.

[Key words] Medical moral cultivation； Moral education； Clinical medical； Undergraduates； Postgraduates

醫疗人员的道德修养是社会道德体系的重要组成部分。2014年6月31日，教育部等六部门联合印发了《关于医教协同深化临床医学人才培养改革的意见》（以下简称“《意见》”），《意见》重点阐述了深化院校教育改革举措，其中明确指出“应加强医学人文教育和职业素质培养”。教育部部长袁贵仁2014年11月27日在医教协同深化临床医学人才培养改革工作推进会上的讲话中再次指出“医学教育尤其应当强调以德为先”[1-2]。因此，如何全面培养医学生的医德修养，使医学生在医疗技能和医德修养上均能获得社会的认可和公众的信赖，是广大医学教育工作者着重思考的问题之一。……