王文成 孙宇 郭艳超 李可晔 薛志忠 赵秉军 李彩云



摘要 滨海红海棠是从荷兰引进的优良园林应用新品种,对其进行引种鉴定。结果表明:落叶小乔木,树形开展,树冠塔形。春叶紫红色,有光泽。着花较密,着花满枝,花色略深于西府海棠。果幼时为深红色,熟时亮红色有光泽,径约2.5 cm;花期4—5月,果熟期10月,是春观叶、夏观花、秋观果的优良园林树种。耐盐能力强,少有病害,适于在滨海中度盐碱地应用。作为行道树列植,株距3~4 m,群植以行距5 m、株距3~4 m为宜,也可孤植。
关键词 滨海红海棠;引种鉴定;耐盐性
中图分类号 S661.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2016)06-0175-02
Introduction and Application of Malus fioribunda Siebold ′Binhaihong′
WANG Wen-cheng 1 SUN Yu 1 GUO Yan-chao 1 LI Ke-ye 1 XUE Zhi-zhong 1 Zhao Bin-jun 2 LI Cai-yun 3
(1 Coastal Agricultural Research Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan Hebei 063299; 2 Bureau of Agriculture and Husbandry of Leting; 3 Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry Animal Husbandry and Fishery in Caofeidian Area of Tangshan City)
Abstract Malus fioribunda siebold ′Binhaihong′ is an excellent new variety introduced from the Netherlands,with strong salt tolerance and less disease.It is a deciduous small tree,branches scattered and crown tower.The leaves are purple and shiny in spring.The flower period is from April to May.In flower period,the branches are full of flowers,and the flower color is slightly darker than Midget crabapple.Its fruit color is dark red in young fruit period,bright red and shiny in ripe fruit period.Its fruit is about 2.5 cm,mature in October. Malus fioribunda siebold ′Binhaihong′ is an excellent garden tree for to view the foliage in spring,the flower in summer,the fruit in autumn,which is suitable for planting in coastal moderate saline soil.
Key words Malus fioribunda siebold ′Binghaihong′;introduction;salt tolerance
滨海红海棠(Malus fioribunda Siebold‘Binhaihong)由河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所于2000年从荷兰引进,2007年从河北省农林科学院金太阳种苗工程公司引入冀东滨海地区。经过连续8年的观察,生长发育正常,耐盐能力较强。经唐山、秦皇岛、沧州三市示范种植,能够适应河北省滨海地区的土壤及气候条件。景观效果较好,与西府海棠相比各有所长。2014年通过河北省林木品种审定委员会审定(编号:冀S-ETS-FS-020-2014)。
1 品种的特征特性
滨海红海棠为落叶小乔木,树形开展,树冠塔形。春叶紫红色,有光泽。着花较密,着花满枝,花色略深于西府海棠,是春观叶、夏观花、秋观果的优良树种[1]。主干灰褐色;小枝圆柱形,紫褐色,具白色斑点;单叶互生,顶叶长卵形,下部叶阔卵形,顶端渐尖,长6~9 cm,宽4.5~7.0 cm,缘具细锯齿;果幼时即为深红色,熟时亮红色有光泽,径约2.5 cm;花期4—5月,果熟期10月(表1)。
2 引种鉴定过程
2.1 生态适应性鉴定……p>