五大连池新生代火山泥有机成分检测及其指标相关性分析

潘虹 杨臣 方振兴等

摘要[目的]探索五大连池火山泥生态，并为其演变规律提供数据支撑。[方法]以五大连池新生代火山泥为研究对象，利用改良熏蒸浸提法测定火山泥微生物碳、氮；利用化学滴定和比色法测定火山泥酶活性各指标，利用国标规定的土壤指标检测方法测定火山泥养分各指标。[结果]微生物量碳、氮分别以药泉山、火烧山火山泥带最高，5条泥带碳氮比均在10.00～13.00。过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶含量分别以莫拉布山、火烧山、龙门山、火烧山、药泉山火山泥带最高，在研究区内，纤维素酶所占比重最大，脲酶最小，总酶含量以药泉山泥带最高。5条泥带全氮、全磷及全钾含量相对较均衡，分别在1.00～2.50、0.20～0.70、19.20～23.50 mg/g，分别以火烧山、龙门山、火烧山最高，有机质以火烧山含量最高。各有机成分间均呈现不同程度的相关性。[结论]药泉山和火烧山火山泥带各有机成分积累能力较强，矿化度较高。相关性分析表明，转化酶对环境变化的响应更为敏感。

关键词五大连池；火山泥；有机成分；相关性

中图分类号S153.6；Q938.1+3；X132文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2016）04-193-04

Organic Composition Detection and Correlation Analysis of Cenozoic Volcanic Mud at Wudalianchi World Geopark

PAN Hong， YANG Chen， FANG Zhenxing et al （Institute of Volcano and Spring， Heilongjiang Academy of Science， Harbin， Heilongjiang 150090）

Abstract[Objective] To provide data support for the ecology and evolution rule of cenozoic volcanic mud in Wudalianchi World Geopark. [Method] With cenozoic volcanic mud in Wudalianchi World Geopark as the research object， microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in volcanic mud were detected by improved redistilled extraction method； indexes of enzymatic activity were detected by chemical titration and colorimetric method； indexes of nutrient in volcanic mud were detected by soil index detection method. [Result] The microbiomass carbon and nitrogen were the highest at Yaoquanshan， Huoshaoshan volcanic mud areas. The ratio between carbon and nitrogen was from 10.00 to 13.00 in the five areas. Hydrogen peroxidase， invertase， urease， protease and cellulase contents were the highest at Molabushan， Huoshaoshan， Longmenshan， Huoshaoshan， Yaoquanshan volcanic mud areas， respectively. In the research areas， cellulase had the greatest proportion， but urease showed the least. Total enzyme content was the highest at Yaoquanshan. In the five mud areas， total N， total P and total K were relatively balanced， which were within 1.0-2.5， 0.2-0.7 and 19.2-23.5 mg/g， respectively. They were the highest at Huoshaoshan， Longmenshan and Huoshaoshan volcanic mud areas. All the organic compositions showed different degrees of correlation. [Conclusion] Yaoquanshan and Huoshaoshan volcanic mud areas have relatively strong accumulation ability of organic composition， and high degree of mineralization. Correlation analysis shows that invertase is more sensitive to environmental changes.

Key wordsWudalianchi； Volcanic mud； Organic compositions； Correlation

五大連池世界生物圈保护区，暨五大连池世界地质公园，地处小兴安岭山地向松嫩平原的转换地带，位于126°07′17.81″～126°31′38.27″ E，48°38′21.25″～48°48′01.03″ N，属于寒温带季风气候，海拔250～300 m，年平均气温为0 ℃左右，年日照时数在2 100～2 850 h，年均降水量500 mm。主要植物种有小叶章Cinnamomum angustifolia、大叶章Deyeuxia langsdorffii、羊草Leymus chinensis、赖草Leymus secalinus、野笠苔草Carex drymophila、乌拉草Carex meyeriana等，伴生种有沼柳Salix rosmarinifolia 、草玉梅Anemone rivularia、小白花地榆Sanguisorba.tenuifolia等。五大连池火山泥因其蕴含多种矿物元素和具生物活性效应的稀土元素而广泛应用于各领域。……