农奇仁++李生雷



摘 要 对广西国有良丰农场十二年生早熟温州蜜柑采用几种施肥方法,比较不同施肥措施下,该地区早熟温州蜜柑各个物候期的生长发育情况和果实产量。结果表明:处理4分别在各个物候期前进行5次合理的氮、磷、钾配方施肥,明显影响果树的生长发育情况,果实成熟期相对提前;平均单果重量增加,达到125 g/个;平均单株产量明显增加,达到93.60 kg/株;平均产量最高,为73.94 t/hm2。因此,针对该地区独特的地理气候环境,适合于该地区的合理施肥方式对于提高果树产量和增加经济收入显得尤为重要。
关键词 早熟温州蜜柑 ;施肥措施 ;产量
中图分类号 S66;S57 文献标识码 A Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.04.004
Effects of Fertilization Measures on Growth and Yield of
Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.)
NONG Qiren LI Shenglei
(Guangxi State-owned Liangfeng Farm, Guilin, Guangxi 541006)
Abstract An experiment was carried out in the State-owned Liangfeng Farm of Guangxi to study the effect of several fertilization measures on the growth and yield of 12-year-old Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) in different phonological periods. The results showed that Treatment 4 (dressed 5 times with N, P and K formulated fertilizer according to the local conditions prior to each phonological period) significantly affected the growth of fruit trees of Satsuma mandarin. In Treatment 4 fruit matured relatively earlier, the average weight of single fruit increased to 125 g, the average yield per plant increased significantly, upto 93.60 kg per plant, and the average yield per ha was the highest (4929.50 kg). So, it is of particular importance to employ a reasonable fertilizer application measure in this area with special geographical and climatic conditions to increase the production and economic benefit of fruit trees.
Keywords Satsuma mandarin ; fertilizer dressing ; yield
广西地处中亚热带、南亚热带季风气候区,温度适宜,光照充足,是全国柑橘生产最适宜栽培的地区之一[1]。柑橘产业已经成为广西农村经济收入和发展的支柱产业。但是,广西柑橘果园基础条件相对落后,对果园的管理水平也相对较低[2]。另外,不同地区土壤养分丰缺状况不同,应根据各地区特定的土壤条件进行针对性的肥效配方施肥[3]。不同时期重施肥对温州蜜柑叶片营养和果实的品质也有影响[4]。近年来,广西国有良丰农场地区的早熟温州蜜柑在果园管理上存在不规范现象,缺乏规范合理的施肥措施,对果树产量影响较大,给地区经济发展造成一定阻碍。为此,本试验通过研究广西地区常见5种不同的综合施肥措施,对十二年生的早熟温州蜜柑进行施肥对比试验,对早熟温州蜜柑的生长发育状况、物候期、抽稍量以及产量进行比较,从而总结出一套适合本地区的科学合理的施肥方法,以提高果树产量和增加经济收入尤为重要。……