在新课标下如何培养小学高年级学生英语写作能力

2017-06-13 20:56蔡家梅
校园英语·下旬 2017年5期
关键词:交流

【摘要】尽可能多让学生熟读课文,达到背诵、甚至能默写英语的熟练程度;多阅读英语故事书,扩大学生的知识面、培育兴趣、陶冶情操,提高欣赏能力;组织学生参加活动,让学生把活动的过程、参加的体会、心得用英文写出來进行交流,坚持用英文写好周记或日记等,可以让学生变“要我写”为“我要写”,使英语写作真正成为小学高年级学生内心的一种需要,在多角度立意的基础上,使自己的作文充满了真情实感,充满新意。

【关键词】背诵默写 阅读英语故事书 交流 周记或日记

培养小学生的英语写作能力,既是小学英语学习中的重点也是难点。近年来,我在小学五六年级英语教学中,做了一些尝试,并取得了一定成效。现在我把自己的一些探索毫无保留地介绍出来,目的在于抛砖引玉,求教于大方之家。

小学生经过四年级的英语学习,培养了对英语学习的兴趣,积累了一定的词汇,也掌握了一些常用的写作技能。所以上了五年级后,我在英语的教学中,有意识地侧重写作能力的培养。

一、尽可能多让学生熟读课文,最好能达到背诵、甚至能默写英语的熟练程度

实践证明:能按我的要求做的学生,他的英语写作能力都有明显的提高。这是因为在他熟读的过程中自然而然地就掌握英语写作的基本技能。如:我在授完 Book7 Unit 1 的Conversation 后,让学生根据课文内容写一篇短文。下面是我所教的一位学生的范文:

Last year, Gogo, Jenny and Tony went to the beach. Tony wrote along letter. Tony asked Gogo: “Do you have an envelope, Gogo?”But Gogo has none. “How about stamps?” I asked again, “No, but you can buy some.”But Tony didnt want to waste Tonys money. Jenny came and asked: “Who are you going to send it to?”“Im going to send it to my friend, ” Tony said, pointingto an island, “He lives on that island.” Suddenly, Tony had a good idea. Tony put the letter in a bottle. Jenny is confused. She asked“What are you going to do?” I threw the bottle into the sea.

“Look, ”Tony said, “I can send it in a bottle!” Gogo was excited. “Wow!”Gogo said, “Great idea!”But… “Whooooooosh!”A big wave came. It sent the bottle back. I shouted: “Oh, no!It came back”.Gogo said: “Come on, Tony. Lets buy some envelopes and some stamps.”We all Laughed.

这篇短文能充分体现出学生对课文的从感性到理性,从理论到实践的感悟。只要能按我的要求做的学生,他们的写作能力都有明显的提高,自然而然地孩子们就掌握写作的基本技能。

二、多阅读英语故事书(最好有图画或漫画)原因在于扩大学生的知识面、培育兴趣、陶冶情操,提高欣赏能力

如:我在授完 Book7 Unit5 的Conversation 后时让孩子看图阅读,同时让孩子们谈论每幅图,由于图里的内容激起孩子兴趣,因此课后我的学生在英语作文拓展中写到:

One day, Gogo went to the shopping mall with me. I went to look for some food. Gogo went to the toyshop “Hey, whats that?”Gogo asked, pointing at a black hat.“Its a hat.” Said the seller, “Its a magic hat.” “Hey, I can do magic!” Gogo was interested.“How much is the hat?” “Its a hundred dollars.” She said. “WWWWWOOOWWW!!!Thats expensive! Can I try it?” Gogo cant believe is. “Sure.” The seller answered. Gogo started doing the magic”“A chicken… A lion?” Then, a big hole appeared above me, and a big hand caught me. I was in the hat!!!

这段短文能体现出学生乐学的情境,把学生带入“引人入胜”的境地,能真正激发学生的学习兴趣。在扩大学生的知识面、培育兴趣、陶冶情操同时也能提高孩子们的欣赏能力,一举两得。

三、组织学生参加活动,比如郊游、文艺表演、体育比赛等,让学生把活动的过程、参加的体会、心得用英文写出来进行交流

如今年十月份的中山泉林山庄秋游、广西南宁市的柔力球比赛以及学校的体操比赛等等,通过这些活动,孩子们结合课本里的知识,加上已有的英语基础,很多孩子都能用简单的句子把过程描述出来。

如:我教完了开心版 Book7 Unit2 的Conversation 后,我的一位学生在讲述游览过程是,使用了丰富的想象力和风趣幽默的口吻写出了以下一段话:

We went exploring in the forest. We were happy... Jenny said: “Here we are! Lets look for some insects!”But Gogo said in a mystery voice“I never look for insects. I usually look for cookies!”We were surprised: “Cookies! Do you usually find them?...” When we were talking, I saw a snake. It was looking at us.I was frightened... etc.

这就是给学生拓展了创新思维的空间,让孩子们通过做中学,学中做(Learning by doing)的形式来提高孩子们的写作水平。

四、坚持用英文写好周记或日记,最初只写自己,慢慢的扩展到写自己熟悉的人或事,由易到难,由简单到复杂,逐步推进……

如刚开始孩子们的英语作文:

Summer holiday is coming.I am going to Beijing with my family. I am going by plane.I am going to stay in a hotel. I am going to have a picnic. I am going toeat some snack. I am going to fly a kite. I am going to see the Great Wall of China.I am going to take some photosand do tai chi. We are very happy.This is a good summer holiday.

通過慢慢的扩展到写自己熟悉的人或事,由易到难,由简单到复杂,逐步推进……大多数孩子们现在能写出以下的英语作文:

Hello! My name is Lucy. I am a sunny girl. I have many good habits.In the morning I brush my teeth quickly . I wash my face politely. I comb my hair softly. In the evening I finish my homework carefully and quickly .After dinner I take out the trash regularly. Then I clean up my room quietly .I am busy, but I am happy. Because I am a helpful girl.

综上所述,尽可能多让学生熟读课文,达到背诵、甚至能默写英语的熟练程度;多阅读英语故事书,扩大学生的知识面、培育兴趣、陶冶情操,提高欣赏能力;组织学生参加活动,让学生把活动的过程、参加的体会、心得用英文写出来进行交流,坚持用英文写好周记或日记等,可以让学生变“要我写”为“我要写”,使英语写作真正成为小学高年级学生内心的一种需要,在多角度立意的基础上,使自己的作文充满了真情实感,充满新意。

作者简介:蔡家梅(1974-),女,海南乐东人,广东省中山市石岐杨仙逸小学英语高级教师,研究方向:小学教育,英语教学。

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