张文超+王圣旭+孙启利+谈世哲+曾贞



摘 要: 为了实现粒子周长的自动测量,提出一种利用数字全息成像测量粒子周长的方法。首先,介绍了数字全息成像的基本理论。接着,给出了实验装置的结构图,并对全息再现中的自动聚焦算法进行深入研究,提出一种改进的基于小波变换的自动聚焦算法。最后,在全息再现像图像分割的基础上给出粒子周长测量的具体方法。实验结果表明,测量的海洋浮游生物周长尺寸为17.918 mm,相对误差为3.51%。这种粒子周长测量方法基本满足粒子周长测量的稳定可靠、精度高、抗干扰能力强等要求,对其他粒子形态特征参数的测量研究也具有重要的借鉴意义。
关键词: 粒子周长测量; 数字全息; 自动聚焦; 图像分割
中图分类号: TN911.73?34; TP394.1 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2017)13?0101?05
Abstract: In order to realize the automatic measurement of the particle circumference, a method of measuring particle circumference with digital holography imaging is proposed. The basic theory of digital holography imaging is introduced. The structure chart of the experimental device is given, and the autofocus algorithm for holography reconstruction is studied in depth. An improved autofocus algorithm based on wavelet transform is proposed. The specific method to measure the particle circumference is given on the basis of image segmentation of the holography reconstructed image. The experimental results show that the measured circumference of the marine plankton is 17.918 mm, and its relative error is 3.51%. The particle circumference measurement method can basically satisfy the requirements of the stability, high precision and strong anti?interference for particle circumference measurement, and has the important referential significance for the study on measurement of the other particle morphological characteristic parameters.
Keywords: particle circumference measurement; digital holography; autofocus; image segmentation
0 引 言
数字全息技术是指将全息图记录在电荷耦合器件CCD而非传统的干板上,并由计算机模拟光学衍射过程对全息图进行再现,从而以数字方式获取被测对象的三维图像[1]。在粒子场测量、变形测量、细胞研究与观测、信息加密等方面,数字全息技术以其独特的优势发挥着越来越重要的作用并取得了广泛应用。
全息成像可以分为全息记录和全息再现两个阶段,与传统的光学摄像不同,全息记录无需聚焦过程,只需将参考光与被测目标反射光的干涉条纹记录在CCD上,获取的信息中包含被测目标的三维空间分布,而全息再现阶段需要通过调整再现距离将CCD上记录的干涉条纹还原为被测目标的原始图像。……