基于改进的生态足迹模型对循环经济发展水平的测度研究

陈薇 孙静

摘要 通过对传统的生态足迹模型进行改进，计算了2014年威县各消费项目的生态足迹、生态承载力。并以生态足迹度作为循环经济发展水平的判定依据，对其进行客观、科学的量化分析。结果表明：首先，威县的人均生态足迹是1.001 5 hm2/人，人均承载力是0.303 1 hm2/人，最终人均生态赤字为0.698 4 hm2/人，赤字的主要原因是耕地、化石燃料地和草地的生态足迹超出了其生态承载力的范围。其次，威县循环经济发展水平的生态足迹度测度结果（EFD）为3.3，表明威县的循环经济处于劣性循环阶段，对于威县发展农牧结合循环经济而言，如何在满足现有水平的消费需求情况下保持生态的可持续发展是当前需要解决的重要问题。

关键词 生态足迹；循环经济；生态足迹度；生态承载力；威县

Research on the Development Level of Circular Economy Based on Improved Ecological Footprint Model

CHEN Wei，SUN Jing （School of Economics and Management，Hebei University of Science and Technology，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050000）

Abstract On the basis of improving the traditional ecological footprint model，this paper calculated the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Weixian County in 2014.It made an objective and quantitative analysis of the development level for circular economy by Ecological Footprint Degree（EFD）.The result indicated that Weixian County's ecological footprint per capita was 1.001 5 hm2/people，ecological capability per capita was 0.303 1 hm2/people，ecological deficit per capita was 0.698 4 hm2/people.The main reason for the deficit was that the ecological footprint of arable land，fossil fuel and grassland was beyond the scope of its ecological carrying capacity.Secondly，the measurement results of the Ecological Footprint Degree of Weixian County circular economy development level was 3.3.It showed that the Weixian County circular economy was in a inferior circulation stage.How to meet the current level of consumer demand，and maintain the sustainable development of ecology is an important problem to be solved for the development of circular economy in Weixian County.

Key words Ecological footprint；Circular economy；Ecological footprint degree；Ecological carrying capacity；Weixian County

生态足迹法最初是由William Rees和他的学生Wackernagel在20世纪90年代提出的一种依据人类对土地的连续依赖性来定量测度可持续发展状态的方法[1]。该研究在传统的生态足迹模型上作了两点改进，首先是把传统模型中的“全球公顷”改进为“国家公顷”，主要因为各国的自然资源和经济发展水平差别较大，所以来源于WWF（世界自然基金会）的数据并不能反映我国的实际情况，因此根据我国实际情况计算国家平均生产力和基于国家生产力均衡因子，更能真实反映我国对自然资源的利用情况和可持续发展状态[1-2]。其次是在计算生物资源账户生态足迹时，选择其生产量而不是消费量，主要因为一个区域土地上的生态足迹并不仅仅是由发生在本区域内的消费产生的，其中也有其他地方的消费。……