魏名星 李名威 杨美赞



摘要 以国务院扶贫办制定的《建立精准扶贫工作机制实施方案》为依据,分别从精准识别、精准帮扶、精准管理3个维度,构建了扶贫绩效评价的指标体系,并依据AHP法对选取的指标予以赋权,同时,对该指标的可操作性在河北省2016年度的扶贫绩效评价中予以了实证。因此,自上而下的贫困户识别方法、农户参与的积极性、帮扶对策的多样性、未确定完善的扶贫制度以及法律保障是影响扶贫绩效实现的主要因素。并依据上述因素提出改善河北省扶贫绩效的建议。
关键词 精准扶贫;绩效评价;AHP;FAHP
Index System Construction and Practice of Precise Poverty Alleviation in Hebei Province Based on Performance Evaluation
WEI Ming-xing,LI Ming-wei*,YANG Mei-zan
(Commercial College,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001)
Abstract According Establishment of Implementation Plan for Precise Poverty Alleviation Working Mechanism formulated by the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development of China,Index system for evaluating poverty alleviation was constructed from the three dimensionality of precision recognition ,precision assistance,precision management .The selected indexes were weight by AHP method.Meanwhile,the indexesoperability was verified in poverty alleviation evaluating of Hebei in 2016.Therefore top-down peasantry identification method ,activity of farmer participation , diversity of assistance ,uncertain system were main factors affected poverty alleviation effect.Suggestion was put forward to improve poverty alleviation effect.
Key words Precise poverty alleviation;Achievement evaluating;AHP;FAHP
改革開放以来,我国在扶贫的道路上实施了大规模的战略部署,同时也取得了显著的成绩。以河北省为例,自改革开放实施大规模扶贫开发以来,已使1 963万农村贫困人口摆脱贫困,贫困发生率也由35%下降到8.8%[1];扶贫政策从1986到2001年的区域开发式扶贫、攻坚式扶贫、整村推进扶贫到了如今的精准到户的精准扶贫,扶贫对象工作更加细化精确,已从区域性、整村式转向了个体户的户级瞄准。截止到2014年底河北省农村贫困人口还有486万人,根据《中共中央国务院关于打赢脱贫攻坚战的决定》(中发〔2015〕34号),河北省政府制定了《关于坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战的决定》,大力实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫,每年有100万农村贫困人口实现稳定脱贫。在扶贫过程中正确认识贫困村的现状,将扶贫绩效进行量化,这对于今后的扶贫开发战略的制定与实施有重要的现实意义。……