李云+刘青+郭红伟+李达丽+律涛

摘 要:为明确3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂防除小麦田杂草的防治效果和对小麦的安全性,采用田间小区试验,研究3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂对小麦田杂草的防效和对小麦产量的影响。结果表明,3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂有效成分用量为8.1~21.6 g·hm-2时对播娘蒿、荠菜、看麦娘、野燕麦等杂草均有较好的防治效果,药后40 d总株防效均在87%以上、鲜质量防效均在88%以上,且对小麦安全性较好。结果可为3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂的大面积推广提供理论依据。
关键词:甲基二磺隆;甲基碘磺隆;杂草;小麦;防效
中图分类号:S435.12 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.08.020
Abstract: To clear control effect of 3.6% Mesosulfuron-methyl·Iodosulfuron- methyl-sodium water dispersible granule against weeds in wheat field and safety to wheat, this paper studied the control effect of 3.6% Mesosulfuron- methyl·Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium water dispersible granule against weeds in wheat field and safety to wheat by plot test. The results showed that 3.6% Mesosulfuron-methyl·Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium water dispersible granule applied at 8.1~21.6 g·hm-2 had good control effect on Descurainia sophia Descurainid sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl, Capsella bursa-pastoris Medic, Alopecurus aequalis Sobol and Avena fatua L, and the plant control effect and fresh quality control effect in 40 days after treatment were 87.23%~96.43% and 88.25%~96.85%, resoectively, furthermore it was safe to wheat. The results would provide theoretical basis for the promotion of 3.6% Mesosulfuron-methyl·Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium water dispersible granule in large area.
Key words: Mesosulfuron-methyl; Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium; weed; wheat; control effect
小麦在国家粮食安全和农业现代化發展中占有重要地位。山东省作为我国第二大小麦主产区,小麦产量在粮食总产中的比例高达45%以上[1]。山东省小麦田杂草共有69种,隶属于21科54属,禾本科、菊科和十字花科杂草种类最多,其中,禾本科杂草为15种,菊科杂草11种,十字花科杂草8种,优势杂草有播娘蒿、荠菜、猪殃殃、雀麦、麦瓶草、小花糖芥、麦家公、看麦娘、节节麦和打碗花等10种,这10种杂草是构成山东省各地区小麦田杂草群落的优势种[2]。近年来,麦田杂草发生趋重,加上长年单一使用除草剂,杂草抗性上升,防除效果下降,麦田杂草危害加剧,严重影响小麦的生产[3-10]。3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂是拜耳作物科学(中国)有限公司研发的用于防除小麦田杂草的新型除草剂产品。
本研究为了明确3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂对小麦田杂草的防治效果,并确定其对小麦的安全性,提出建议使用剂量,旨在为3.6%二磺·甲碘隆水分散粒剂防治小麦田杂草进行大面积推广提供一定理论依据。……