洪亮+胡金碧+鲁海菊+张海燕+李丽莎



摘要:为弄清枇杷内生木霉P3.9菌株最佳发酵条件,以分离自枇杷主干韧皮部的内生木霉P3.9菌株为供试菌株,以菌丝生长量為指标,通过单因素和正交试验,筛选最佳组合液体发酵培养液,碳源、氮源、pH及其接种量。结果表明,最佳培养液为马铃薯浸汁,碳源为D-果糖,氮源为磷酸二氢铵,pH 7.0,接种量为1.5%;正交试验表明其菌丝生长的最佳组合培养条件为马铃薯浸汁,在其中添加2%D-果糖、0.05%磷酸二氢铵、pH 6.0、接种量为1.5%。按优化后的培养条件培养,最高菌丝干重可达5.1 mg/mL。
关键词:内生菌;木霉;液体发酵;菌丝干重
中图分类号:S667.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)14-2670-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.14.017
Abstract: In order to make clear optimal conditions of liquid fermentation for Trichoderma strain P3.9,Taking Trichoderma strain P3.9 isolated from trunk phloem of loquat as material,optimal substrates and its concentration of medium,including carbon source,nitrogen source,pH and inoculation count were studied according to the mycelial production by simple factor and orthogonal experiments,in order to screen out the best liquid fermentation for P3.9 strain. The results showed that the proper medium was potato juice; Carbon source was D-fructose; Nitrogen source was ammonium phosphate monobasic; pH was 7.0;Inoculation count was 1.5%. The orthogonal experiment indicated that optimal medium of the highest yields of mycelia consisted potato juice,2% D-fructose. 0.05% was ammonium phosphate monobasic. pH was 6.0. Inoculation count was 1.5%. By the optimal medium and culture conditions,the maximum mycelial yield was 5.1 mg/mL.
Key words: endophyte; Trichoderma; liquid fermentation; mycelial dry weight
植物内生菌是指生活在健康植物组织和器官内部的真菌或细菌,可通过竞争或其他作用来抑制或杀死各种致病菌[1]。在印楝[2]、银杏[3]、曼陀罗[4]、万寿菊[5]等药用植物中均发现内生真菌。枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)为蔷薇科常绿乔木,其花、果、叶、根和树皮均可入药,具有抗炎和止咳的作用[6]。鲁海菊等[7,8]在枇杷中也发现若干株内生真菌。枇杷果实果肉柔软多汁,酸甜适度,营养丰富。已成为浙江、福建、台湾、四川、云南等省市主要果树之一。随着大面积连片种植枇杷树苗,苗期和成株期枇杷病害逐年增加。近年来,在台湾[9]、福建[10]及云南[11],枇杷根腐病严重阻碍了枇杷产业的可持续发展,而化学防治难以有效控制此土传病害。
木霉是重要的生防因子之一。内生木霉与其他腐生木霉相比,受到宿主组织的良好保护,更易于发挥生防作用。……