张若宇++翟志强
摘 要:为充实《农业工程与可持续发展》课程的教学内容,提升学生对相关方法的掌握,该文从系统的角度探讨了方法论部分的教学内容和授课方法。首先引入“系统”及“系统工程”以及“农业工程系统”的概念,然后讲解了“农业系统工程”的任务和特点,启发学生从系统的视角对待“农业工程”与“可持续发展”的关系,最后介绍了寻找和评价最佳方案的理论方法。
关键词:教学 系统 农业工程系统 层次分析法 农业工程与可持续发展
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-098X(2017)05(c)-0220-03
Teaching Research about the Methodology of Agricultural Engineering and Sustainable Development
Zhang Ruoyu1, 2 Zhai Zhiqiang1, 2
(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University;2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R, China, Shihezi Xinjiang, 832000, China)
Abstract: To enrich course content of Agricultural Engineering and sustainable development and improve students mastery of relevant methods, teaching contents and methods of methodology were discussed in this paper based on the perspective of system. Firstly, the concept of “system”, “system engineering” and “agricultural engineering system” were introduced. Then the tasks and characteristics of agricultural system engineering were explained for helping students to build the systematic perspective and to deal with the relationship between agricultural engineering and sustainable development on this perspective. Finally, the theory and method for searching and evaluating the best plan were introduced in this paper.
Key Words: Teaching; System; System engineering; Analytic hierarchy process; Agricultural Engineering and sustainable development
农业的发展正面临着严重的环境问题[1],亟需一种科学有效的农业工程可持续发展实现办法。我们面临的任何一个要解决的问题或要完成的任务其实都是系统,因此就可以用系统思想去分析农业工程,也就可以用系统工程方法去探讨农业可持续发展的方法。该文从系统的角度出发,探讨了《农业工程与可持续发展》方法论部分教学方法,引导学生用系统的思想解决农业可持续发展问题。
1 启发学生用“系统”的思维解决问题
在教学过程中,为引导学生从系统的角度思考问题,笔者介绍了日常生活中一些系统的案例,然后引入“系统工程”的概念,以便开展后续主题内容的讲解。在自然界和人类社会中,可以说任何事物都是以系统的形式存在的[2]。我们可以把我们关心的问题都看成系统,例如血液循环系统是指把血液送到人或动物全身的血管系统和心脏;……