规范化护理健康教育在弱视儿童治疗依从性中的临床观察

李明

[摘要]目的 探讨弱视儿童在治疗期间接受规范化护理健康教育的临床效果。方法 选择2014年10月～2016年10月我院收治的弱视患儿84例，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组42例。对照组实施常规眼科护理，观察组实施规范化护理健康教育。比较两组患儿在治疗期间依从性、不良事件发生率、弱视治疗总时间、家长护理满意度、治疗总有效率、护理前后视力水平和对比敏感度水平。结果 观察组患儿依从性、家长护理满意度、治疗总有效率高于对照组，不良事件发生率低于对照组，弱视治疗总时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理前，两组患儿视力水平和对比敏感度水平比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；护理后两组患儿两指标水平均有所提高，与护理前比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患儿两指标水平均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 弱视儿童在治疗期间接受规范化护理健康教育，可以提高患儿依从性，减少不良事件，提高家长满意度。

[关键词]弱视；儿童；规范化护理；健康教育；依从性

[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）07（b）-0183-03

[Abstract]Objective To explore the clinical effect of standardized nursing and health education for children with amblyopia during treatment.Methods 84 children with amblyopia in our hospital from October 2014 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group，with 42 cases in each group.The control group received routine eye care，while the observation group received standardized nursing health education.The compliance during treatment，the incidence of adverse events，time of treatment，nursing satisfaction of parents，effective rate，the levels of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity before and after nursing were compared between two groups.Results The compliance during treatment，nursing satisfaction of parents and effective rate in the observation group were higher than that in the control group，the incidence of adverse events was lower than that in the control group，the time of treatment was shorter than that in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.Before nursing，there were no significant differences betwee the the levels of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in two groups （P>0.05）；after nursing， the levels in two groups were increased，and compared with those before nursing，the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05），and thoses in the observation group was higher than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion Standardized nursing care and health education for children with amblyopia can improve children's compliance， reduce adverse events and improve their parents' satisfaction.

[Key words]Amblyopia；Children；Atandardized nursing；Health education；Compliance

弱视属于儿童发病率水平较高的一种眼部疾病，在儿童机体早期发育过程中，受到各种因素影响，会对儿童的视觉功能发育状态产生一定的不利影响，从而导致视觉障碍的发生[1]。弱视不仅仅会对患儿本身视觉造成影响，还会对学习、择业、心理等造成危害，弱视程度严重的患儿，生活质量会明显降低。因此，对弱视疾病进行及时发现和治疗，可以使儿童的视力水平提高。临床治疗弱视的方法相对较多，以眼屈光度调整、精细化操作等方式最为常见，长期配合性較为理想，治疗效果最佳[2-5]。本文主要分析弱视儿童在治疗期间接受规范化护理健康教育的临床效果。现报道如下。……