不同文化程度严重精神障碍患者病情控制情况比较分析

柯强++++++章文峰++++++翁华++++++徐琼

[摘要]目的 比较不同文化程度严重精神障碍患者的病情控制情况。方法 2016年9～12月，选取我市在国家严重精神障碍管理系统中有随访服务信息登记的严重精神障碍患者作为研究对象，按高中/技校/中专及以上、初中、小学及以下文化程度，分为高中组、初中组、小学组三组，每组调查人数300名，共计900名。比较三组患者的病情控制情况。结果 初中组患者的认知度明显高于小学组；高中组患者的认知度明显高于初中组及小学组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。初中组患者的病情控制率（50.0%）明显高于小学组（36.7%）；高中组患者的病情控制率（66.7%）明顯高于初中组（50.0%）及小学组（36.7%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。初中组患者的行为障碍发生率明显低于小学组，高中组患者的行为障碍发生率明显低于初中组及小学组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 不同文化程度严重精神障碍患者的病情控制情况各不相同，文化程度较高的患者病情控制情况比较好，文化程度较低的患者病情控制情况较差，针对文化程度不同的精神障碍患者应采取不同的健康宣教，以提高精神障碍患者的病情控制率。

[关键词]不同文化程度；严重精神障碍；病情控制

[中图分类号] R749.99 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）07（a）-0160-03

Comparative analysis of disease control in patients with severe mental disorder in different educational level

KE Qiang ZHANG Wen-feng WENG Hua XU Qiong

Department of Psychiatry，the Third People′s Hospital of Shangrao City in Jiangxi Province，Shangrao 334000，China

[Abstract]Objective To compare the disease control in patients with severe mental disorder in different educational levels.Methods From September to December in 2016，patients with severe mental disorders who were in follow-up service information registration in the National Severe Mental Disorder Management System were selected as objects.According to different educational levels including high school，technicalschool，and technical secondary school and superior ones，junior high school，and primary school and inferior ones，they were divided into high school group，junior high school group，and primary group，and there were 300 patients in each group.The disease control among the three groups was compared.Results The awareness of the patients in the junior high school group was significantly higher than that in the primary school group，but lower than that in the high school group with statistical difference （P<0.05）.The control rate of disease in the junior high school group was 50.0%，and it was significantly higher than that of the primary school group （36.7%）；the control rate of disease in the high school group was 66.7%，and it was significantly higher than that of the junior high school group （50.0%） and primary school group （36.7%） with statistical difference （P<0.05）.The incidence of behavior disorders in the junior high school was lower than that in the primary school group，and the incidence of behavior disorders in the high school group was the lowest with statistical difference （P<0.05）.Conclusion The disease control in patients with severe mental disorders is different based on different educational level.Patients with higher educational levels，the disease control is better，viceversa.The corresponding health education is necessary targeting on severe mental disorders patients in different educational level in order to improve the disease control rate.

[Key words]Different educational level；Severe mental disorder；Disease control

有数据显示，我国目前有严重精神障碍患者1600余万，目前医院收治能力有限，多数患者只能接受院外的随访治疗服务[1]。上饶市目前有28 000名纳入到国家严重精神障碍管理治疗项目，并定期对院外患者提供随访服务，随访严重精神障碍患者的病情控制情况不理想将直接影响社会和谐稳定[2]。我国对不同文化程度严重精神障碍患者的随访服务相关研究很少。本项目通过了解不同文化程度严重精神障碍患者接受随访服务病情控制情况，为对不同文化程度的患者是否应该采用不同的随访服务方式提供科学依据，使随访服务更有针对性、达到更好的治疗效果，避免社会资源浪费。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

2016年9～12月，选取我市在国家严重精神障碍管理系统中有随访服务信息登记的严重精神障碍患者作为研究对象，分为高中组、初中组及小学组。……