2型糖尿病患者应用临床护理路径的意义研究

吴志华++林茴++张东辉++陆泽元+++陈晓燕

[摘要]目的 探討干预护理对2型糖尿病患者临床意义。方法 选取2014年1月～2016年12月入住我院的122例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象并随机分为2组，其中观察组64例采用干预护理，对照组58例采用常规护理。对比两组患者的血糖变化，并采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）对患者的护理结果进行评定。结果 两组患者组出院时的HAMA评分均低于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组护理后的HAMA评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者护理后的FBG、PBG值均明显低于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组出院时的FBG、PBG值均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 高效护理路径能有效改善2型糖尿病患者的焦虑状态，及时控制患者的血糖值，改善患者的预后。

[关键词]2型糖尿病；干预护理；血糖水平；HAMA

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）07（c）-0156-03

Study on significance of clinical nursing pathway in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

WU Zhi-hua1 LIN Hui2 ZHANG Dong-hui3 LU Ze-yuan4 CHEN Xiao-yan5

1.Operation Room，the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangdong Province，Shenzhen 518000， China；2.Cardiogram Room，the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat- Sen University in Guangdong Province，Shenzhen 518000， China；3.Department of Cardiology，the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangdong Province，Shenzhen 518000， China；4.Department of Endocrinology，the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangdong Province，Shenzhen 518000， China；5.Department of Laboratory，the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangdong Province，Shenzhen 518000， China

[Abstract]Objective To explore the intervention nursing on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 122 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted into our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the subjects.The patients were divided into 2 groups randomly.The observertion group （n=64） was given the intervention nursing and the control group （n=58） was given with the routine nursing.The patients′ nursing results were assessed using the Hamilton anxiety scale （HAMA）.Results HAMA score of two groups of patients was lower than that of admission，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.HAMA score of the observation group after nursing was lower than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.FBG and PBG value of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the patients after nursing and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.FBG and PBG value in the observation group leaving hospital were significantly lower than those in the control group，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion The effective nursing path can effectively improve the anxiety state of patients with type 2 diabetes，timely control the blood glucose of patients and improve the prognosis of patients.

[Key words]Type 2 diabetes mellitus；Interventional nursing；Blood sugar level；HAMA

近年来，糖尿病的发病率逐年增加，其中2型糖尿病约占90%以上[1]。由于2型糖尿病往往会导致患者出现焦虑、恐惧等不良反应的发生，而这些不良反应的出现对患者的病情十分不利，严重的会使疾病加重，血糖进一步升高[2]，因此，2型糖尿病的护理对缓解患者的病情和焦虑状态具有重要作用，近年来也越来越受到更多研究者的关注[3]。汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）是精神科临床中常用的量表之一，总共包括14个项目，其评分结果对糖尿病治疗效果和患者的满意度评价，具有重要的临床意义[4]。本文选择入住我院的2型糖尿病患者进行研究，旨在探讨2型糖尿病患者的护理方法及临床护理路径，具体报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选自我院2014年1月～2016年12月入住我院的2型糖尿病患者122例，男72例，女50例；年龄53～83岁，平均（65.6±5.5）岁；病程2～28年。按照随机数字法分为两组，其中观察组64例，男38例，女26例；年龄55～83岁，平均（66.8±6.2）岁；病程3～28年。对照组58例，男34例，女24例；年龄53～80岁，平均（65.1±5.2）岁；……