不同品种及干燥方式对甘薯多酚含量的影响

张文婷，孔秀林，2，岳瑞雪，孙 健，徐 飞，朱 红，张 毅，钮福祥*

(1.江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/中国农业科学院 甘薯研究所，江苏 徐州 221131；2.江苏师范大学 生命科学学院，江苏 徐州 221116)

不同品种及干燥方式对甘薯多酚含量的影响

张文婷1，孔秀林1，2，岳瑞雪1，孙 健1，徐 飞1，朱 红1，张 毅1，钮福祥1*

(1.江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/中国农业科学院 甘薯研究所，江苏 徐州 221131；2.江苏师范大学 生命科学学院，江苏 徐州 221116)

以12个甘薯品种为材料，研究了不同品种间薯块和叶片多酚含量的差异；以药用甘薯西蒙一号为研究对象，研究了不同叶位和不同干燥方式叶片多酚含量变化规律。结果表明：不同品种甘薯多酚含量差异显著，薯块鲜样和晒干样多酚含量分别为0.44～2.16 mg/g和1.75～6.16 mg/g；叶片鲜样和晒干样多酚含量分别为1.17～2.33 mg/g和23.42～42.63 mg/g；不同肉色薯块多酚含量为紫肉型>红(黄)肉型>白肉型。西蒙一号甘薯不同部位叶片多酚含量差异显著，幼嫩叶片显著高于成熟叶片，随着成熟度的增加，叶片多酚含量总体呈现下降趋势，具体为：倒1叶>倒3叶>倒7叶>倒5叶>倒9叶。3种干燥方式对叶片多酚含量的影响较大，其大小顺序为：晒干样>冻干样>烘干样。

甘薯块根；甘薯叶片；多酚；叶位；干燥方式

Abstract： The differences in content of polyphenols in root tuber and leaf among twelve sweet potato varieties were studied. The medicinal sweet potato variety “Simon 1” was used to study the change rule of polyphenol content in leaves which were at different positions or were dried by different methods. The results indicated that there were significant differences in polyphenol content among different sweet potato varieties, the polyphenol content in fresh root tuber and dried root tuber was 0.44～2.16 mg/g and 1.75～6.16 mg/g, respectively, and the polyphenol content in fresh leaf and dried leaf was 1.17～2.33 mg/g and 23.42～42.63 mg/g, respectively; the polyphenol content in various flesh-colored root tubers showed the order of purple type> red (or yellow) type> white type. The content of polyphenols in different positions of leaves of “Simon 1” was significantly different, and the content of polyphenols in young leaves was significantly higher than that in mature leaves; when leaf maturity increased, the content of polyphenols in leaves decreased in general, and it revealed the following sequence: the 1st leaf (from top to bottom)> the 3rd leaf> the 7th leaf> the 5th leaf> the 9th leaf. The three kinds of drying methods also had a great effect on the leaf polyphenol content, which showed the order of sun-dried leaf sample> freeze-dried leaf sample> oven-dried leaf sample.

Keywords： Sweet potato; Root tuber; Leaf; Polyphenol; Leaf position; Drying method

甘薯，又名红薯、山芋、地瓜等，主要分布在北纬40°以南，栽培面积以亚洲最多[1]，非洲次之。甘薯块根富含淀粉、糖类、维生素、纤维素以及多种生理活性成分，是非常好的营养保健食品。甘薯茎叶含有丰富的蛋白质、矿物质及生物活性物质[2]。现代医学表明，甘薯叶具有降血压、抗氧化、促进肠胃消化、降血糖和免疫调节等功效[3]。