可吸收螺钉内固定治疗骨关节骨折患者的临床效果观察

赵艳君+姜霁哲

【摘要】 目的 探讨可吸收螺钉内固定治疗骨关节骨折患者的临床效果。方法 94例骨关节骨折患者， 按照双盲法将其分为对照组及观察组， 各47例。对照组接受常规内固定治疗， 观察组接受可吸收螺钉内固定治疗。比较两组患者骨折愈合优良率， 治疗前后关节活动情况及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组患者骨折愈合优良率为91.49%， 高于对照组的76.60%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗前， 两组患者的关节活动评分比较， 差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后， 两组患者的关节活动评分均高于本组治疗前， 且观察组高于对照组， 差异均具有统计学意义 （P<0.05）。观察组并发症发生率为6.38%， 低于对照组的21.28%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 骨关节骨折的治疗方法有很多， 相较于常规的内固定方法来说， 可吸收螺钉内固定方法的疗效更好， 且能显著改善患者关节活动情况， 减少并发症。

【关键词】 可吸收螺钉内固定；骨关节骨折；并发症；运动功能评定

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.31.010

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of absorbable screws internal fixation in the treatment of patients with bone and joint fracture. Methods A total of 94 patients with bone and joint fracture were divided by double-blind method into control group and observation group， with 47 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional internal fixation， and the observation group was treated with absorbable screws internal fixation. Comparison were made on fracture healing excellent-good rate and joint movement condition before and after treatment and occurrence of complications between two groups. Results The observation group had higher fracture healing excellent-good rate as 91.49% than 76.60% in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Before treatment， both groups had no statistically significant difference in joint movement score （P>0.05）. After treatment， both groups had higher joint movement score than before treatment， and the observation group was higher than the control group. Their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The observation group had lower incidence of complications as 6.38% than 21.28% in the control group， and their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion There are many treatment methods for bone and joint fracture. Compared with conventional internal fixation， absorbable screw fixation is more effective， and can significantly improve the patients joint motivation and reduce complications.

【Key words】 Absorbable screws internal fixation； Bone and joint fracture； Complications； Motor function evaluation

骨關节骨折是临床上常见的疾病， 包括膝关节、肩关节、胫骨平台等多种骨折类型。骨关节骨折不但严重影响着患者的日常关节活动， 伴随而来的疼痛、肿胀、软组织损伤等症状也给患者带来了巨大的痛苦。针对骨关节骨折的治疗多为内固定治疗方法， 医师们认为， 不同的内固定方法治疗效果不同， 对患者的影响和预后也存在一定的差异[1]。本次研究收集47例骨关节骨折患者为例， 探讨可吸收螺钉内固定治疗骨关节骨折患者的临床效果， 现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 本次研究选择的94例骨关节骨折患者均为2015年6月～2016年8月期间收治， 其中48例为膝关节骨折、31例为上肢肘关节骨折、15例为肩关节骨折。所有患者治疗前均接受影像学检查确诊。按照双盲法将其分为对照组及观察组， 各47例。对照组患者中男23例， 女24例， 年龄10～45岁， 平均年龄（25.6±7.5）岁；……