单侧红光对大豆幼苗生长的影响

王阳昕 章有知

摘要：在光照培养室内种植大豆[Giycine max （Linn.） Merrill]幼苗，以单侧红光和单侧自然光作为光源，30 d后测定大豆幼苗的株高、鲜重和干重等生長指标和可溶性糖、叶绿素、蛋白质含量等生理指标。结果表明，单侧红光或单侧自然光处理下的幼苗都有明显的向光性生长现象；单侧红光处理大豆幼苗株高显著高于单侧自然光处理；幼苗鲜重和干重没有显著差异；所测定的3项生理指标在两组中都存在极显著差异，自然光中大豆幼苗的可溶性糖高于红光中大豆幼苗的可溶性糖含量，前者大约为后者的16倍；红光中大豆幼苗的蛋白质、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素（a+b）含量均高于自然光中大豆幼苗的含量，前者分别是后者的1.50倍、1.14倍，1.19倍和1.16倍。

关键词：大豆[Giycine max （Linn.） Merrill]；光质；单侧红光；生理特性；生长特性

中图分类号：S565.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）08-0020-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.005

Influence of the Exposure of Unilateral Red Light on the Growth of Soybean Seedlings

WANG Yang-xin，ZHANG You-zhi

（College of Life Science， Changchun Normal University， Changchun 130032， China）

Abstract： Soybean seedlings were cultivated in the light culture room， using unilateral red light and unilateral sunlight as light source. After a period of 30 days， the ecological indexes， including seedling height， fresh weight and dry weight of seedling were measured， and several physiological indexes such as soluble sugar content， chlorophyll content and protein content were also determined. The results showed that all the seedlings had the phenomenon of phototropism under exposure of unilateral red light or unilateral sunlight. The seedling height in the treated group of unilateral red light was significantly higher than in the treated group of unilateral sunlight. However， fresh weight and dry weight had no significant differences between two groups. The three physiological indexes had extremely significant differences between two groups. Soluble sugar content in unilateral sunlight treatment was 16 times higher than in the unilateral red light treatment. Protein content， chlorophyll a content， chlorophyll b content and chlorophyll（a+b） content in the unilateral red light treatment was 1.5 times， 1.14 times， 1.19 times and 1.16 times higher than in the unilateral sunlight treatment， respectively.

Key words： soybean[Giycine max（Linn.） Merrill]； light quality； unilateral red light； physiological characteristic； growth characteristic

在植物的生长发育过程中，光是非常重要的因素。植物对光能的要求，除了光强和光周期外，光质也是一个十分重要的因素[1]。光质不仅作为一种能量来源参与植物的光合作用，还通过触发植物体内的不同光受体影响植物的生长、产量、品质、抗逆性和衰老等[2]。光质对植物的生长、形态建成、光合作用、物质代谢以及基因表达均有控制作用。

光质或光谱组成是指太阳辐射成分及其各波段所含能量，是光的重要属性，其特征光谱包括紫外光、可见光和红外光[3]。在生产中，不同光质的塑料薄膜被作为物理方式来调节植物生长。光通过塑料薄膜后使设施内的光强与光质发生改变，然而人们对光质在植物生长发育中产生的影响尚无明确认识。……