广西百色市2009～2016年活动性肺结核病流行病学特征分析

谭廷庆 高建华 岑贞业

【摘要】目的分析百色市2009～2016年活動性结核病的流行特征，为百色市进一步开展结核病防控工作提供依据。方法对2009～2016年百色市结核病疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果百色市活动性肺结核和涂阳肺结核年平均发病率分别为97.54/10万和26.30/10万，男性病例数（19 875例，70.06%）多于女性（8494例，29.94%），发病年龄高峰为25～64岁的中壮年人群（69.29%），从发病率变化趋势来看活动性肺结核发病率至今无明显下降趋势，涂阳肺结核发病率有逐年下降趋势，活动性肺结核发病无明显的季节性，右江河谷平原地区活动性肺结核年平均报告发病率最高（109.65/10万），涂阳肺结核年平均报告发病率西部高寒山区最高（32.36/10万），职业分布以农民发病最多（24 549例，86.53%），但近年学生、离退休人群的发病有所抬头，从病人来源来看不同地区的活动性肺结核患者主要来源不同。结论百色市结核病疫情不可忽视，要对不同类型的人群、地区进行分类防控，重点关注青壮年男性、老年结核病患者以及学生。

【关键词】肺结核病；流行特征；分析

中图分类号：R521 文献标识码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.10031383.2018.02.024

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of active pulmonary

tuberculosis from 2009 to 2016 in Baise

TAN Tingqing，GAO Jianhua，CEN Zhenye

（Baise Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Baise 533000，China）

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo analyse the epidemiological characteristics of active pulmonary tuberculosis from 2009 to 2016 in Baise，so as to provide basis for further prevention and control of the disease.MethodsDescriptive analysis was carried out on the data of tuberculosis from 2009 to 2016 in Baise.ResultsThe average annual incidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis and smear positive tuberculosis in Baise was 97.54/100 000 and 26.30/100 000，respectively，and the number of male cases （19 875 cases，70.06%） was more than that of female cases （8494 cases，29.94%）.The peak age of onset was 25～64 years in middle age people（69.29%）.Incidence trends showed that there is no obvious decline in the incidence of active tuberculosis，and the incidence of smear positive tuberculosis had a declining trend year by year.And the incidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was not obviously seasonal.The highest average annual incidence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis was reported in Youjiang valley plain area（109.65/100 000），and the highest average annual incidence rate of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was reported in western alpine region（32.36/100 000）.Farmers were the most susceptible to tuberculosis in occupational distribution（24 549 cases，86.53%），but the incidence of tuberculosis among students and retired people rised in recent years.Sources of patients showed that the main sources of patients with active tuberculosis from varied regions were different.ConclusionThe epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Baise can not be ignored.Different types of people and areas should be classified and controlled，focusing on young men，elderly tuberculosis patients and students.

【Key words】tuberculosis；epidemiological characteristics；analysis

肺结核病由结核分枝杆菌引起，涂阳肺结核具有很强的传染性[1]，人群對结核分枝杆菌普遍易感[2]。肺结核病是严重威胁广大人民群众健康的疾病，是国家纳入政府管理的三大疾病之一[3]。肺结核病在经济欠发达地区的流行与危害较经济较发达地区严重[4]。百色市地处广西壮族自治区西南部，每年报告活动性肺结核约为3500例[5]。为进一步了解百色市肺结核病的流行特征和流行趋势，我们对2009～2016年结核病疫情资料进行分析，以期为百色市进一步开展结核病防控工作提供依据。……