不同体位护理在早产儿中的应用效果

胡忠芳

[摘要]目的 探討不同体位护理在早产儿中的应用效果。方法 选取2015年1月～2016年12月我院不同体位方式护理的110例早产儿作为研究对象，根据随机抽签原则分为对照组和观察组，每组55例。对照组采用仰卧位，观察组采用俯卧位。比较两组卧位对早产儿心肺功能、睡眠、呼吸、进奶量的影响。结果 护理前，两组早产儿的心率、呼吸指标比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组早产儿护理后第3天、第7天的心率、呼吸指标均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组护理后第3天、第7天的心率、呼吸均明显高于护理前，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组早产儿第3天、第7天的睡眠时间均明显长于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组早产儿第3天、第7天的每日进奶量均明显多于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 相比仰卧位，俯卧位护理对其心肺功能睡眠呼吸暂停胃潴留影响明显，有助于早产儿心肺功能成熟，改善睡眠质量，创造良好的胃肠道发育条件。

[关键词]早产儿；心肺功能；睡眠；呼吸

[中图分类号] R722 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）5（b）-0155-03

Effect of nursing in different positions for premature infants

HU Zhong-fang

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology，Fuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital，Jiangxi Province，Fuzhou 344000，China

[Abstract]Objective To explore the effect of different-position nursing in preterm infants.Methods 110 premature infants admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected as research objects，and divided into control group and observation group according to the principle of random drawing， with 55 cases in each group.The control group was supine and the observation group was prone.The effects of two groups of supine position on cardiopulmonary function，sleep，respiration and milk intake of premature infants were compared.Results Before nursing，there was no significant difference in heart rate and respiratory index between the two groups （P>0.05）.Heart rate and respiratory indicators of preterm infants in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group on the 3rd and 7th day after nursing， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）.The heart rate and respiration of the observation group on the third day and the seventh day after nursing were significantly higher than those before nursing， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.The sleep time of preterm infants in the observation group on the third day and the seventh day was significantly longer than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The daily milk intake of premature infants in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group on the 3rd and 7th day，with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）.Conclusion Compared with supine position，prone-position nursing has a significant effect on cardiopulmonary function，sleep apnea，and retention of stomach.It can contribute to the maturity of heart and lung function in preterm infants，improve the sleep quality，and create a good gastrointestinal development condition.

[Key words]Premature infants；Cardiopulmonary function；Sleep；Respiration

体位护理为早产儿护理最基础的环节，对其预后起着重要作用[1]。早产儿因为年龄小，不能较好适应环境，容易出现窒息及肺透明膜病等。有学者认为，优质护理的应用，有助于早产儿存活，有效提高临床效果，减少感染[2]。尤以合理体位护理可为早产儿营造舒适的身心条件，改善心肺功能。本院以两种体位方式应用于早产儿护理中，明显改善其心肺功能睡眠呼吸暂停胃潴留状况，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2015年1月～2016年12月我院不同体位方式护理的110例早产儿作为研究对象，根据随机抽签原则分为对照组和观察组，每组55例。該研究经相关医学伦理委员会批准。纳入标准：家属自愿参加试验者；出生体重<2.5 kg者。排除标准：先天性发育异常者；重度缺血缺氧性脑病者。对照组中，男30例，女25例；胎龄20.1～60.1周，平均（34.1±3.8）周。观察组中，男29例，女26例；胎龄19.0～61.2周，平均（33.0±4.7）周。两……