青海省共和县公众气象服务满意度及需求分析

张海春 李乐

摘要 为全面了解青海省共和县公众气象服务的现状并为提升气象服务水平提供依据，2016年9月份在共和县开展了一次公众气象服务满意度及需求调查，通过回收的有效问卷，对公众关注气象信息的情况、对天气预报的准确率和气象服务的满意率、气象灾害预警信号发布的及时率、公众获取气象信息的渠道、天气预报改进的内容等进行了全面统计分析。结果表明：目前，公众认为天气预报非常准确、准确和基本准确的比例为98.1%；对目前天气预报服务总体状况评价为非常满意、满意、基本满意的共占94.3%；要求提高天气预报准确率的占63.1%；希望预报时效更长一些的占16.5%；认为气象灾害预警信号发布很及时、及时、基本及时的占94.6%；公众获取气象服务信息的方式主要有电视、手机和网络。

关键词 公众气象服务；满意度；需求分析；共和县

中图分类号：P49 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-3305（2018）03-042-04

DOI： 10.19383/j.cnki.nyzhyj.2018.03.018

Abstract In order to fully understand the current status of public weather services in Gonghe County of Qinghai Province and provide a reference for improving the level of meteorological services， a survey of satisfaction and demand for public weather services was conducted in Gonghe County in September 2016. According to the valid questionnaires， the public attention to the weather information， the accuracy rate of weather forecast and the satisfaction rate of weather services， the timeliness of the release of meteorological disaster warning signals， the public access to meteorological information， and the content of weather forecast improvement were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that： at present， the public believed the current weather forecast was very accurate， accurate， and basically accurate， accounting for 98.1 percent of total； the overall status of current weather forecasting service was very satisfactory， satisfactory， and basically satisfactory， accounting for 94.3 percent of total；the public person time which required to improve the accuracy rate of the weather forecast accounted for 63.1% of the total trips； the public person time which expected to have a longer forecast period accounted for 16.5% of the total trips； the public person time which believed the meteorological disaster warning signal released very timely， timely， basic and timely period accounted for 94.6% of the total trips； the main ways for the public to get meteorological service information were television， mobile phones and networks.

Key words Public weather service； Satisfaction； Demand analysis； Gonghe County

公眾气象服务是气象事业的重要组成部分，事关人民群众的生产生活和切身利益[1]。随着气象事业的迅速发展，气象服务的手段、方式更加多样化，气象服务工作取得了长足的进步和发展，并在人们生产和生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用[2]。日益丰富、精细的决策气象服务、公众气象服务和专项气象服务产品的“无缝隙服务”，使得国家决策部门、企事业单位以及人民大众可以灵活、便捷地获取所需要的信息，从而能够提高规避风险的能力并带来社会效益[3-5]。气象服务作为政府公共服务的重要组成部分之一，主要体现在社会公众对气象服务的满意度和认可程度，气象服务中存在的不足成为了气象部门最急需了解的问题[6]。……