孙伟
摘 要:博士学位作为全世界学位授予中的最高层次,对于提高一个国家的教育质量,促进教育国际化,增强国家核心竞争力具有重大意义。文章通过研究国外博士学位授予发达国家质量保障机制建立、完善史(涵盖专业协会认证、政府职能机构认证和教育行政部门主导式认证等三种模式),结合我国目前博士研究生培养存在的问题,探讨适合我国国情且切实有效的博士学位授予质量保障机制,为培养出具有过硬的专业能力和创新能力的高素质学术型人才提供理论借鉴。
关键词:博士学位授予;质量标准;管理机制
中图分类号:G640 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2018)23-0011-03
Abstract: As the highest level of degree in the world, doctoral degree has a great significance on improving the quality of education, promoting the internationalization and enhancing the core competitiveness of the country. This paper mainly explores the management mechanism on the quality of foreign doctoral degree awarded and the certification history of developed countries (mainly including professional society certification, special functional institution certification and educational administration department certification). Combined with the problems existing in the current culture of doctoral students in China, it looks for an education-quality mechanism for doctoral students who are suitable for China's national conditions and effective and effective, and provides theoretical references for cultivating the students who have high-quality academic talents with strong professional and innovative capabilities.
Keywords: Doctoral degree grant; quality standard; management mechanism
博士研究生學位授予质量是定义一个国家最高水平教育的重要评价标志,是衡量一个高校是否具备培育高层次创新人才的主渠道。如何保障博士学位授予的质量,培养出具有过硬的专业能力和创新能力的高素质学术型人才,自20世纪80年代中期以来,一直受到全世界各国的广泛关注。
一、国外一流大学监督管理机制
自从20世纪90年代以来,高期望导致的失望以及理想诉求与现实的困境使人们对博士研究生教育质量产生怀疑,于是提高博士研究生培养质量成为全球关注的焦点,许多国家正通过成立专门的管理机构、组织大规模的博士学位授予质量摸底调查,改革博士研究生教育评估制度。在博士学位授予质量评议的过程中,评议的主体和方式广受争议,许多高等教育强国都有各自的监督管理机制。……