七选五解题技巧分析与探讨

2018-09-10 10:24王寒英
校园英语·上旬 2018年8期
关键词:近义词指代小标题

“七选五”题型已被全国多个省市的的高考英语试卷采用。考试者将会得到一篇缺了五句话的英语文章,文章大概三百字左右,体裁主要为说明文,议论文,记叙文,要求学生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处将文章补充完整,需要考虑文章的连贯,完整性,主要目的在于“考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”(出自《考试说明》)。题型既像完形填空,又是阅读理解,考理解,还考甄别,考知识,更考能力。高考考纲对七选五主要考察三个方面的能力:整体内容结构,细节,上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握,因此,笔者将从三个角度来探讨解题技巧。

第一,文章结构。七选五的设题位置要考虑大标题,小标题,段首,段中,段尾。大标题短小精悍,一般大写;小标题短小,结构一致;段首,概括文段,与小标题呼应;段中,承上启下;段尾,总结上文。

例如:_________

For many moms, walks are a gentle way to get in shape after giving birth. …

Do the laundry.

It may be boring for you, ….

A. Every child will develop at an individual rate.

B. Moms can take a walk every day.

C. Go for a walk.

根据小标题概括全段,且结构一致,很容易选出C为正确选项。

第二,细节把握。学会找出与题干相关的关键词。关键词包括近义词,反义词,同源词,同构句,同筹词,代词指代。例如:jacket(夹克) clothes 夹克是衣服中的一种 。fruit 表类别 apple, orange, banana…具体。fall – fell (不同时态) beauty – beautiful act – action (不同词性) mate – roommate police – policeman (相同词根)

例如:_____ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…

A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.

C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

They 是代词,找到指代关系,答案不难选出为A。

逻辑关系。转折/对比关系:however, , though, yet, in spite of, nonetheless(adv.尽管如此), on the contrary(正相

反), by contrast(与之相比), by comparison, conversely(adv.相反), otherwise, but, while… 因果关系 for, because, since, as, therefore, thus, hence(adv.因此), accordingly(因此,于是,相应地), consequently,as a result, , so… 解釋关系:in fact, actually, that is to say, in other words, as a matter of fact, for example…

例如:_____ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.

A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”

B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.

根据解释关系,学生可以找出答案为A。

总而言之,通过对七选五做题技巧的梳理,学生可以更加明确做题步骤。首先浏览全文,抓主文章结构,明确文章主旨。在这个过程中,要关注大标题,小标题,出题位置在段首,段中还是段尾。其次,抓细节,关注同源词,近义词,反义词,同构词。并且理清逻辑,根据对比关系,因果关系,解释关系,找出答案。最后复检,保证内容完整,语义连贯。

【作者简介】王寒英,襄阳东风中学。

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