钝药野木瓜中三萜类化合物分离及其含量测定

胡冬群 王霞 危英 伍庆 李亚楠 赵强 杜江

【摘 要】 目的： 研究民族药钝药野木瓜中三萜类化合物分离及其含量测定。方法：采用多种层析技术进行分离纯化，根据理化性质、波谱数据并与文献对照确定化合物结构；建立HPLC法同时测定钝药野木瓜中羽扇豆醇和羽扇豆酮含量的方法。结果：从钝药野木瓜藤茎的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到4个化合物，分别鉴定为羽扇豆酮（1），羽扇豆醇（2），3β-乙酰基齐墩果酸（3）和齐墩果酸（4）；其中羽扇豆醇和羽扇豆酮分别在0.5172～12.93 μg（r=0.9995）和0.945～ 23.625 μg（r=0.9992）范围内线性关系良好，平均加样回收率为97.4%和96.3%，RSD为2.4%和1.6%。结论：化合物 1～4为首次从钝药野木瓜中分离得到；贵州省8个不同产地、10批次的钝药野木瓜药材中，丹寨和贵定地区样品中羽扇豆醇和羽扇豆酮的含量最高，分别为0.0113 mg/g和0.0708 mg/g。实验结果为钝药野木瓜药材质量标准的建立和相关研究与应用提供科学依据。

【关键词】 钝药野木瓜；三萜；化学成分；含量测定

【中图分类号】R284.1 【文献标志码】 A【文章编号】1007-8517（2018）04-0009-05

Abstract：Objective To investigate and quantitative analysis of triterpenes from Stauntonia leucantha Dieles. Methods Different chromatographic techniques were applied to separate and purify the compounds. On the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data， their structures were identified. HPLC was performed to analysis of lupeol and lupeone in S.leucantha Diels. Results Four known compounds were isolated and identified as lupeone （1） ， 3β-O-acetyloleanolic acid （2） ， lupeol （3） and oleanolic acid （4） from ethyl acetate extract. HPLC results showed that the linear ranges of lupeol and lupeone were 0.5172～12.93 μg （r=0.9995） and 0.945～23.625 μg （r=0.9992）， the average recoveries of two ingredients were 97.4% and 96.3% as well as RSD is 2.4% and 1.6%， respectively. Conclusion Compounds 1～4 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The highest contents samples which were collected from Danzai and Guiding areas among ten samples came from eight different areas in Guizhou province， contained lupeol and lupeone were 0.0113 mg/g and 0.0708 mg/g， respectively. This results could give a scientific basis for further development and utilization of medicinal S. leucantha Diels .

Keywords：Stauntonia leucantha Diels； Triterpenoid； Chemical constituents； Content determination.

鈍药野木瓜（Stauntonia leucantha Diels ex Y.C.）属于木通科野木瓜属植物，俗称绕绕藤、五叶木通、八月瓜，主要分布在贵州、四川、安徽、江浙和两广一带，具有祛风止痛，利尿消肿的功效，对风湿痹通、小便不利和水肿疗效显著[1]。该药材被2003版《贵州省中药材、民族药材质量标准》收载，作为野木瓜藤入药，但仅有性状描述[2]。在长期研究抗病毒中药和民族药的过程中，采用HIV-1蛋白酶和HPLC法[3]，发现钝药野木瓜95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物在100 μg/mL时，对HIV蛋白酶的抑制率达44.3%，进一步的文献调研发现，钝药野木瓜化学成分及含量研究未见报道。……