紫草及紫草制剂的抗炎作用研究进展

李陈 常克 杨静 王玲 肖飞

摘要 目的：为紫草和紫草制剂的抗炎机制研究及产品开发提供参考。方法：以“紫草”“紫草素”“制剂”“抗炎”“进展”“zicao”“shikonin”“anti-inflammatory”等为关键词 ，在PubMed、CNKI等多个数据库中查询建库至2017年12月31日的相关文献，对紫草、紫草素和紫草复方制剂抗炎作用的相关研究进行综述。结果与结论：共检索到相关文献128篇，其中有效文献41篇。紫草以新疆软紫草品质最佳，而滇紫草、泰山紫草等也被逐步肯定。紫草醇提物抗炎效果最优，紫草素及其衍生物的抗炎活性突出。紫草、紫草素及紫草复方制剂治疗烧烫伤、湿疹、银屑病、过敏性紫癜、关节炎、静脉炎、妇科炎症、急性肺损伤、重症急性胰腺炎伴肺损伤或肝损伤、局部脑缺血等多种疾病的实验研究正逐步深入，多认为其抗炎机制与NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、NO、CCR、COX-2、IL-22、IL-17等密切相关。紫草及紫草制剂现已广泛用于临床治疗湿疹、皮炎、妇科炎症、皮肤创面及黏膜损伤等多种炎症性疾病，其剂型多为油剂、膏剂、栓剂、喷雾剂等。如何高效发挥紫草及紫草制剂的抗炎作用，尚有待在微观层面运用生物组学技术等继续深入研究。

关键词 紫草；紫草素；紫草制剂；抗炎；进展

AbstractObjective：Toprovidereferencefortheanti-inflammatorymechanismresearchofRadixArnebiaeanditspreparations.Methods：Keywordsof“RadixArnebiae”“shikonin”“preparation”“anti-inflammatory”“researchprogress”wereusedtosearchtherelevantliteraturefromthedateofestablishmentofthedatabasetoDecember31，2017inPubMedandCNKI，andreviewedtheresearchonanti-inflammatoryactionofRadixArnebiae，shikoninandcompoundRadixArnebiaepreparations.Results：andConclusion：128relatedliteratureswereretrieved，41ofwhichwerevalid.Arnebiaeuchromahadthebestefficacy，andOnosmapaniculatumandRadixArnebiaefromMountTaiwerealsograduallyaffirmed.ThealcoholextractofRadixArnebiaehadoptimalanti-inflammatoryeffect，andthereweregoodanti-inflammatoryactivityofshikoninandshikoninderivatives.ExperimentresearchofusingRadixArnebiae，shikoninandcompoundRadixArnebiaepreparationstotreatburns，eczema，psoriasis，allergicpurpura，arthritis，phlebitis，gynecologicalinflammation，acutelunginjury，severeacutepancreatitisaccompaniedbylunginjuryorliverinjury，localcerebralischemiaandotherdiseasesweregraduallythorough.Theiranti-inflammatorymechanismsarecloselyrelatedtoNF-B，IL-1，IL-6，TNF-α，NO，CCR，cox-2，IL-22，andIL-17.NowRadixArnebiaeandcompoundRadixArnebiaepreparations，whichdosageformsaremostlyoil，ointments，suppositoriesandsprays，havebeenwidelyusedintheclinicaltreatmentofeczema，dermatitis，gynecologicalinflammation，skinwoundandmucosalinjury.Howtodeveloptheanti-inflammatoryactionofRadixArnebiaeandcompoundRadixArnebiaepreparationsisremainstobefurtherstudiedatthemicrolevelbyusingbionomicstechnique.

KeyWordsRadixArnebiae；Shikonin；RadixArnebiaepreparations；Anti-inflammatory；Progress

中圖分类号：R242；R285文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2018.06.013

紫草在我国药用历史悠久，始载于《神农本草经》，为紫草科植物紫草、新疆紫草、蒙紫草或滇紫草的干燥根；性味甘、咸、寒，归心、肝经，功效凉血、活血、解毒、透疹，主治血热毒盛、斑疹紫黑、麻疹不透、疮疡、湿疹、水火烫伤，可内服或外用。紫草药用价值很高，据现代药理研究[1]，具有抗炎、镇痛、抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、抗生育、保肝、止血等多种作用。……