心理护理联合健康教育在HPV感染的宫颈癌合并糖尿病患者中的应用效果分析

楼程英 王运根 章玉兰

[摘要] 目的 旨在探讨心理护理联合健康教育在HPV感染的宫颈癌合并糖尿病患者中的应用效果。 方法 选取2016年1月～2017年1月收治的76例宫颈癌合并糖尿病患者，所有患者均合并HPV感染，根据护理方法不同随机分成观察组和对照组，每组38例。对照组采取常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上采取心理护理联合健康教育，对两组患者干预前后的负性心理及生活质量进行评价。 结果 观察组与对照组患者干预前的SAS评分、SDS评分组间比较，差异无统计学意義。干预后，观察组患者的焦虑（SAS）、抑郁（SDS）心理评分分别低于干预前及对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组与对照组患者干预前的生活质量评各项评分比较，差异无统计学意义。观察组患者的生活质量各项评分分别低于干预前及对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 在HPV感染的宫颈癌合并糖尿病患者治疗过程中实施心理护理联合健康教育，可以显著缓解患者的负性心理，改善患者的生活质量，从而促进疾病的尽快恢复。

[关键词] 糖尿病；宫颈癌；心理护理；健康教育

[中图分类号] R473.71 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）25-0143-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application effect of psychological nursing combined with health education in the patients with HPV-infected cervical cancer complicated with diabetes. Methods 76 patients with cervical cancer complicated with diabetes who were admitted to our hospital between January 2016 and January 2017 were selected. All patients were complicated with HPV infection. According to different nursing methods， they were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 38 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care， and the observation group was given psychological nursing care combined with health education on the basis of the control group. The negative psychological and quality of life before and after the intervention in the two groups of patients were evaluated. Results There was no significant difference in the SAS score and the SDS score group before the intervention between the observation group and the control group. After the intervention， the anxiety（SAS） and depression（SDS） scores in the observation group were lower than those before the intervention and in the control group respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the scores of quality of life before intervention. The scores of quality of life in the observation group were lower than those before the intervention and in the control group respectively， and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups（P<0.05）. Conclusion The combination of psychological nursing and health education in the treatment of the patients with HPV-infected cervical cancer complicated with diabetes can significantly relieve the negative psychology， improve the quality of life， and promote the early recovery of the disease.

[Key words] Diabetes；Cervical cancer；Psychological nursing；Health education

宫颈癌是女性生殖系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一，近年来发病率逐年升高，且日趋年轻化。宫颈癌是目前唯一的一种病因明确的妇科恶性肿瘤，与高危型人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomaviruses，HPV）的持续感染密切相关[1]。另一方面，随着人们生活习惯及生活环境的改变，糖尿病的发病率也逐年升高。糖尿病使患者机体抵抗力降低，循环系统受长期高血糖的影响而出现功能障碍[2]。宫颈癌合并糖尿病手术风险大， 机体抵抗力差，术后并发症及病死率较非糖尿病患者明显增高，给患者带来严重的精神、心理及经济负担，给患者围手術期护理增加了难度[3]。加强围手术期的护理，尤其是心理护理干预，对于缓解患者的负性心理，减少术后并发症，降低死亡率具有重要作用[4]。……