李金戈 徐云川



摘要:生活垃圾分类是促进垃圾减量化的有效手段,推进生活垃圾源头分类需要城市居民的积极参与。本文以我国城市居民的垃圾分类意愿为研究对象,从外部环境层面和微观个体层面探究影响城市居民垃圾分类意愿的因素,通过回归分析方法,认为政策制度环境和垃圾分类设施条件对居民垃圾分类意愿产生的影响较大,性别、年龄、受教育水平、工作时长等群体特征也会使居民的垃圾分类意愿产生差异。政府在推进垃圾分类工作时应结合上述影响因素制定相应措施,提高居民垃圾分类参与率。
关键词:城市居民;生活垃圾分类;影响因素
中图分类号:X-4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2019)11-0-04
Abstract: The classification of household waste is an effective means to promote the reduction of waste. To promote the source classification of household waste requires the active participation of urban residents. Based on the urban residents willingness to garbage classification as the research object, from the aspect of external environment and micro individual level to explore the factors that influence the urban garbage classification will by regression analysis method, think the policy system of environment and the conditions of garbage sorting facilities for residents garbage classification will impact is bigger, gender, age, education level, working hours and other group characteristics will also make the residents willingness to garbage classification produces differences. When promoting garbage classification, the government should take the above factors into consideration to formulate corresponding measures and improve the participation rate of residents garbage classification.
Keywords: Urban residents; Classification of household waste; Factors analysis
垃圾分类是促进生态文明建设、减少资源浪费的重要措施。据统计,全国城市垃圾历年堆放总量高达70亿t,而且产生量每年以约8.98%速度递增。垃圾负担的迅速加重导致我国600多座大中城市中,有70%被垃圾所包围,出现“垃圾包围城市”的恶劣现象。我国城镇化当前正从速度型向质量型转变,普遍推行垃圾分類制度,促进城市垃圾的减量化、资源化、无害化处理,改善城市居民的生活环境条件,刻不容缓。我国城市生活垃圾分类推广工作已历时多年。早在20世纪90年代中期,北京市就开始提出垃圾分类。从2000年至今,住建部、环保部等各部委都曾发布文件推进城市生活垃圾分类收集的试点工作,但实际成效并不理想。究其原因,除了政府制定政策缺乏系统性及可操作性以外,作为城市生活垃圾源头分类的主体,城市居民的垃圾分类回收意识不足也是重要原因之一。……