贾林霞

摘要:农村流动老年人是一类特殊群体,更是一类需要关爱的群体,其社会保障问题亟待政府及社会重视。通过对安徽省X县的6位典型农村流动老年人进行深度访谈,对目前农村流动老年人到城市后的社会保障情况有了一定了解。心理上缺乏归属感、无法享受城市老年人优待政策、异地就医难等问题造成了农村流动老年人在城市生活不便。解决农村流动老年人的社会保障问题需要政府、社会及家庭的共同努力,以期他们能在城市中更好地生活。
关键词:农村;流动老年人口;社会保障
中图分类号:F249.21;C913.6 文献标识码:A
文章编号:0439-8114(2019)10-0187-04
Abstract: The elderly in the rural areas are a special group and a group of people who need care, Their social security problems need urgent attention of the government and society. Through in-depth interviewed with the six typical rural floating elderly in X county, Anhui province, there was a certain understanding of the current social security situation of the rural migrant elderly after moving to the city. Problems such as the lack of a sense of belonging, the inability to enjoy preferential policies, and the difficulty in getting medical treatment in different places had caused inconvenience to the urban life of the floating rural elderly. To solved the social security problem of the floating elderly in rural areas requires the joint efforts of the government, society and families, so as to enable them to live a better life in the city.
Key words: floating elderly population; countryside; social security
根據国家卫生和计划生育委员会发布的《2016年中国流动人口发展报告》数据显示,全国户口未迁移且离开户籍地6个月以上的60岁及以上的流动老年人口总人数约1 800万,占流动人口数量的7.2%,且该比例有上升趋势。主要原因是:随着日益激烈的社会竞争及逐渐加快的城市化进程,越来越多的年轻人选择在城市工作、生活甚至定居,这群年轻人的父母因子女需要帮忙打理生活或照顾第三代,不得不加入老年流动人群。
目前学术界关于流动老年人口的相关研究主要集中在留居意愿、代际经济流动、社会融入及其生活困境与解决路径等方面,关于社会保障方面的研究较少。照顾晚辈、在城市就业、与子女团聚兼养老是老年人流动的主要原因。梁宏等[1]根据户籍是否流入居住地将流动老年人口划分为户籍家庭老年流动人口和非户籍家庭老年流动人口,并指出户籍家庭老年流动人口流入原因主要为照顾孙辈及子女。……