服务半径约束下城市快递双层配送网络节点选址优化

2019-07-21 15:14:14杜刚诚冉林娜
上海海事大学学报 2019年2期

杜刚诚 冉林娜

摘要:为提高快递配送效率,基于城市快递双层配送网络的构成和优势,建立该网络二级节点选址模型,包括末端配送站点和便民寄存点选址,其中便民寄存点选址需考虑服务半径约束和容量限制。提出分解算法进行模型求解,其中针对便民寄存点选址采用改进的最少点覆盖启发式算法,针对末端配送站点选址采用k-均值聚类算法。利用算例进行模型和算法验证,结果表明,该模型和算法能有效解决城市快递双层配送网络的节点选址优化问题。

关键词:物流规划;城市快递;双层配送网络;节点选址

中图分类号:U294.1

文献标志码:A

Abstract:In order to improve the efficiency of express delivery, based on the structure and advantages of the double-layer distribution network of urban express delivery, a two-level node location model of the network is established, where the nodes include the terminal distribution stations and temporary storage stations, and the service radius constraint and capacity constraint are considered in the location of temporary storage stations. A decomposition algorithm is used to solve the model, where an improved least point coverage heuristic algorithm is applied to the node location of temporary storage stations, and the k-means clustering algorithm is applied to the node location of terminal distribution stations. An example is used to verify the model and the algorithm. The result shows that the model and the algorithm can effectively solve the node location optimization problem of the urban express double-layer distribution network.

Key words:logistics planning; urban express delivery; double-layer distribution network; node location

收稿日期:2018-05-14

修回日期:2018-08-30

作者简介:

杜刚诚(1977—),男,湖北秭归人,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向为城市规划、交通规划,(E-mail)dgch2002@163.com

*通信联系人。 (E-mail)ranlinna@126.com

0 引 言

近年来我国电子商务发展迅速,快递业务量不断增长,快递作为物流产业的一个重要组成部分,逐渐渗透到社会经济的各个领域。合理的配送网点布局可以提高配送资源的利用率,降低企业运营成本。以往快递配送企业多采用单层配送模式。快递单层配送网络通常由两级节点构成:一级节点即快递分拨中心,一般设立在机场、铁路货站、公路货站等大型交通枢纽,负责对快递进行城市间的集散和转运;二级节点即快递末端配送站点,一般会设在各个城市分区,负责对快递进行配送并兼顾快递揽收业务。在这种单层配送模式下,快递末端配送站点配送人员工作量过大,快递配送效率低,因此,很多快递配送企业已经开始采用双层配送模式。……

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