绘画分析与治疗对青少年抑郁障碍的干预效果研究

赵成清　王会秋　何俊鹏　李群　林立　关泽滨　田野　王婧懿

【摘要】 目的：探討绘画分析与治疗对青少年抑郁障碍的干预效果，为绘画心理分析与治疗的临床推广提供一定的理论依据。方法：选取2015年6月-2018年6月在本院确诊或住院治疗的诊断为抑郁障碍的患者100例，按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组，每组50例。研究组采用25～150 mg/d的舍曲林药物治疗结合绘画分析与治疗，对照组仅采用相同剂量的舍曲林药物治疗，不进行特殊心理治疗。分别于治疗前及治疗第1、4、8、12周对两组患者进行抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）世界卫生组织生存质量评定量表（WHOQOL）、社会功能缺陷筛选量表（SDSS）及临床疗效总评量表（CGI）评估。结果：治疗第4、8、12周，研究组SDS、SAS、CGI评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）;且研究组治疗第12周的SDS、SAS、CGI评分均显著低于治疗前（P<0.05）。治疗第8、12周，研究组SDSS评分均低于对照组（P<0.05），WHOQOL评分均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;且研究组治疗第12周的SDSS评分显著低于治疗前（P<0.05），WHOQOL评分显著高于治疗前（P<0.05）。结论：绘画分析与治疗技术能够显著改善青少年抑郁症患者抑郁症状及生存质量，提高其社会功能及临床疗效，可以作为治疗青少年抑郁障碍的临床干预手段进行推广和应用。

【关键词】 绘画分析与治疗; 青少年; 抑郁障碍

【Abstract】 Objective：To discuss the intervention effect of painting analysis and treatment on adolescents with depression disorder and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical popularize of painting analysis and treatment.Method：From June 2015 to June 2018，100 patients diagnosed with depression or hospitalized in our hospital were selected，according to the random number table method，the patients were divided into study group and control group，50 cases in each group.The study group used 25-150 mg/d of Sertraline drug treatment combined with painting analysis and treatment，the control group received only the same dose of Sertraline without special psychological treatment.The self-rating depression scale（SDS），self-rating anxiety scale（SAS），world health organization quality of life assessment scale（WHOQOL），social disability screening schedule（SDSS）and clinical global impression（CGI）before treatment and week 1，4，8，12 of treatment were eraluated between the two groups.Result：At week 4，8 and 12 of treatment，SDS，SAS and CGI scores in the study group were all lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）;SDS，SAS and CGI scores of the study group at week 12 of treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）.At week 8 and 12 of treatment，SDSS scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05），and WHOQOL scores were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）.In addition，SDSS score at week 12 of treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment（P<0.05），and WHOQOL score was significantly higher than that before treatment（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Painting analysis and treatment technology can significantly improve the depressive symptoms and quality of life，social function of adolescents with depression and also improve the clinical efficacy，so this painting analysis and treatment technology can be used as a clinical intervention method to treat adolescent patients with depression disorder.

【Key words】 Painting analysis and treatment; Adolescent; Depression disorder

First-authors address：Anning Hospital of Shenyang，Shenyang 110164，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.08.043

现代社会经济发展迅速，生活节奏快，人们学习、生活压力非常大，不论是成人还是青少年，都很容易成为抑郁障碍的受害者[1]。而青少年因情感脆弱、学业压力过大等因素，更容易成为抑郁障碍患者。据世界卫生组织统计，2020年前全球儿童精神障碍将增长50%，青少年抑郁障碍发病率高达2%～8%[2]。2014年，一份来自温州市部分中学生的心理健康抽样调查报告显示，约35%的初中生有抑郁情绪，10%的学生至少考虑过一次自杀[3]。近年来青少年群体的心理疾患日益突出，不容乐观。

青少年抑郁障碍的发病率高，其症状多种多样，表现复杂[4]。目前治疗抑郁障碍的方法主要包括药物治疗、心理治疗和物理治疗[5]。……