针对性健康教育对肿瘤PICC置管患者的影响

胡利

[摘要] 目的 探讨针对性健康教育对肿瘤PICC置管患者的影响。 方法 纳入2017年1月～2018年8月我院收治的50例肿瘤PICC置管患者进行研究。按照随机对照原则分为对照组和观察组，每组25例。对照组接受常规护理，观察组在此基础上实施针对性健康教育，比较两组患者干预前后自我护理能力测定量表（ESCA）评分、依从性、QLQ-C30生活质量评分变化情况以及并发症发生情况。 结果 观察组患者干预后自我护理技能评分、自我护理责任感评分、自我概念评分、健康知识水平评分均高于对照组，差异显著（P<0.05）;观察组患者干预后依从性评分和QLQ-C30评分均高于对照组，差异显著（P<0.05）;观察组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组，差异显著（P<0.05）。 结论 针对性健康教育可提高肿瘤PICC置管患者自我护理能力、依从性和生活质量，降低并发症风险，值得临床推荐。

[关键词] 肿瘤;PICC置管;针对性健康教育;自我护理能力;依从性;生活质量

[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2019）18-0150-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of targeted health education on patients with tumor PICC catheterization. Methods A total of 50 patients with tumor PICC catheterization admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled. According to the principle of randomized control， they were divided into control group and observation group，with 25 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing. The observation group conducted targeted health education on this basis. The self-care agency scale（ESCA） score， compliance， QLQ-30 quality of life score change， and complications before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention， the self-care skill score， self-care responsibility score， self-concept score and health knowledge level score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group， and the difference was significant（P<0.05）. The observation group's post-intervention compliance score and QLQ-C30 score were higher than those of the control group， and the difference was significant（P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group， and the difference was significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Targeted health education can improve the self-care ability， compliance and quality of life of patients with PICC catheterization， and reduce the risk of complications. It is worthy of clinical recommendation.

[Key words] Tumor;PICC catheterization;Targeted health education;Self-care ability;Compliance;Quality of life

腫瘤指的是机体在各种致瘤因子作用下，局部组织细胞增生所形成的新生物，因为这种新生物多呈占位性块状突起，因此也叫赘生物。肿瘤分为良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤两大类，恶性肿瘤预后差。肿瘤患者在治疗过程中，进行PICC置管，可以减少反复穿刺，减少患者的痛苦。健康教育在肿瘤患者临床护理中发挥着重要作用，有效的健康教育能够提高患者的治疗依从性、提升其健康知识掌握度和自我护理意识，对提高预后效果具有重要价值[1-2]。调查研究显示，肿瘤PICC置管患者对健康教育的需求度不断增长，传统的健康宣教模式已经无法满足临床需求[3-4]。我院在该方面积累了较多经验，通过贯穿于整个护理过程的针对性健康教育有效提升了肿瘤PICC置管整体效果，现报道如下。……