少年走单骑，把药送万家

南非是艾滋病感染率极高的一个国家，艾滋病毒几近失控般蔓延。虽说如今抗艾滋病毒的药物在南非较以前有了更广泛的使用，但仍有不在少数的患者拿不到救命药，最主要的原因是他们需在诊所耗费大量的时间排队等候取药。一位23岁的南非少年看准了这个机会，利用一辆自行车穿梭在城镇里给无法到诊所排队取药的患者送药，赚到了他的第一桶金。

Robert Siegel （Host）： HIV medicine is more widely available than ever before. More than 10，000，000 people around the world now have access to the life-saving drugs. But actually getting those drugs from the local clinic isnt always easy. NPRs Anders Kelto explains why.

Anders Kelto （Byline）： I recently stopped by an HIV clinic in Cape Town， South Africa， and it was a familiar scene—dozens of people sitting on wooden benches looking really， really bored.

罗伯特·希格尔（主持人）：抗艾滋病毒药物比之前有了更广泛的使用。世界各地超过一千万人目前能够拿到这些救命药。但事实上，从当地的诊所拿到那些药并不总是件易事。来听听国家公共广播电台的安德斯·凯尔托道出缘由。

安德斯·凯尔托（撰稿人）：最近，我顺道走访了南非开普敦的一间艾滋病诊所，还是熟悉的景象——几十个人坐在长木椅上，看起来相当、相当无聊。

Kumelo Enclazane： （Foreign language spoken.）

Kelto： Kumelo Enclazane （ph） told me hed been at the clinic since six in the morning. It was two in the afternoon. It turns out long waits are a common problem across Africa， and for a poor person， it can be more than just an annoyance.

Suhair Solomon： Youre asking a patient to come and sit in a clinic for more than four or five hours. It really can have a significant negative impact on their life.

Kelto： Suhair Solomon is an HIV expert with Doctors Without Borders in Cape Town. She says spending all day at the clinic means missing work and losing money. But heres the part that surprised me. Because of this lost income and the long waits， a lot of people just dont show up. Tens of thousands—maybe hundreds of thousands of people get sick and even die because of long lines. Doctors Without Borders has come up with one solution. Theyve created HIV clubs that deliver medicine much more quickly.

Solomon： At an adherence club， youll sit for a maximum of 45 minutes to an hour.

Kelto： Theres also a new pharmacy in South Africa with a special machine that dispenses HIV medicine almost immediately. But perhaps the best solution has come from this guy， 23-year-old Sizwe Nzima.

Sizwe Nzima： That looks like a nice bike.

Kelto： Hes really into bikes， especially mine which actually isnt that nice.

Nzima： Wow， thats nice. Woah， woah， now that is what Im talking about.

庫美罗·安克拉赞：（说外语。）

凯尔托：库美罗·安克拉赞告诉我他从早上六点起就在诊所等着了。那时是下午两点。结果发现长时间的等候在非洲是普遍存在的问题，对穷人来说，这不仅仅是件烦心事。

苏海尔·所罗门：你把一个病人叫来，让他坐在诊所里等超过四五个小时。这真的会对他们的生活产生严重的负面影响。

凯尔托：苏海尔·所罗门是一位艾滋病专家，她是在开普敦的无国界医生。她说，在诊所待上一整天意味着耽误工作、没有收入。但是这才是让我惊讶的地方。由于没有收入和长时间的等候，许多人干脆不出现了。成千上万——可能数十万人感染疾病，甚至死于长期的等候。无国界医生想出了一个办法，他们成立了艾滋病俱乐部，能更快地送去药物。

所罗门：在一所俱乐部分部，你将等上最长45分钟至1小时的时间。

凯尔托：在南非也有一家新开的药房，他们有一种几乎能够即刻分发抗艾滋病毒药物的特殊机器。但是，也许最好的解决方法出自这个人，23岁的希斯维·恩济玛。

希斯维·恩济玛：那看上去是辆不错的自行车。

凯尔托：他真的很喜欢自行车，特别是我的那辆事实上并不怎么好看。

恩济玛：哇，很不错。哇，哇，我就是那么认为的。

Kelto： I met him at his small office in a low-income part of Cape Town. He was stuffing white plastic bags into a backpack.

Nzima： OK， these are the medication packs.

Kelto： Once his backpack was full， he hopped on his bike.

Nzima： OK， lets rock and roll—Sizwe on the journey.

Kelto： When Nzima was a teenager， he used to pick up his grandparents HIV medicine. He said he would get so frustrated with the long waits that he actually tried to bribe the pharmacist.

Nzima： Can you do this for me？ Can you keep this medication for me until I get back at a certain time？

Kelto： Then he thought wait， instead of paying money， why not try to make money here by starting a medicine delivery service？ He did some research and found lots of companies that delivered meds， but none were operating in Cape Towns urban townships， where most people live in shacks without addresses. And， Nzima said， even if a place has an address， it wont help.

Nzima： You punch that in Google， Google wont give it to you. Kelto： So you just—you need someone that knows the area.

Nzima： It needs local knowledge.

Kelto： So he turned his local knowledge into the first business of its kind， a bike delivery service for HIV patients. He peddled along a narrow road past rows of shacks. At one point， he almost got attacked by a dog. Of the many dangers he faces—speeding cars， robbers—he said dogs， theyre the worst.

凱尔托：我在开普敦低收入地区的小办公室见到他。他正在将白色塑料袋塞进一个背包。

恩济玛：好了，这些就是药物包。

凯尔托：背包一塞满，他就跳上自行车。

恩济玛：好了，让我们摇滚吧——希斯维上路咯。

凯尔托：当恩济玛还是个少年时，他常常给祖父母领取抗艾滋病毒药物。他说，长时间的等候让他感到很沮丧，他真的尝试过向药剂师行贿。

恩济玛：你能帮我个忙吗？能帮我看管这些药吗？我一会就回来。

凯尔托：后来他想（排队）等候（领取药物），与其付钱（行贿），为什么不在这儿试试开设送药服务来赚钱呢？他做了一些调查，发现送药的公司有很多，但是没有一家能送到开普敦的城镇地区，那儿大多数人住在没有地址的简陋棚屋里。恩济玛还说，即使一个地方有地址，也无济于事。

恩济玛：你用谷歌来搜索（这些地址），也查找不到。

凯尔托：所以你就——你需要熟悉那个地区的人。

恩济玛：需要了解当地情况。

凯尔托：因此，他利用自己了解当地情况的优势，开始了第一单生意，用自行车给艾滋病人送药。他沿着狭窄的小路，穿过一排排棚屋宣传他的生意。有一次，他差点被狗咬到。他面临的种种危险中——疾驰的车辆、抢劫——他说，（遭到）狗（的攻击）是最糟糕的。

Nzima： Yeah， thats the biggest hazard. Look， check these guys out. No， no， no， no.

Kelto： He made a few more turns and eventually arrived at a small brick house.

Nzima： Dont worry you dont have to lock our bikes. You can just put them down here.

Kelto： A man with gray hair answered the door.

Nzima： （Foreign language spoken.）

Kelto： Nzima handed him the medicine and collected the delivery fee—about 90 cents. I asked the man， named Loyce Peko， what he thought of this service.

Loyce Peko： Oh， thats very wonderful. It is， because my wife and me—we are elderlys， and without my medication， Im， Im nothing.

Kelto： The two thanked each other and Nzima got back on his bike. When he started this business a few years ago， Nzima had just two clients， his grandma and his grandpa. Now hes got a lot more.

Nzima： 694.

Kelto： Clients？

Nzima： Yes.

Kelto： Wow.

Nzima： Im doing good， man.

Kelto： He also has a staff of six， and like any good businessman， he keeps expanding the company.

恩濟玛：那是最大的危险。看，小心它们。不，不，不，不。

凯尔托：他再转了几个弯，终于到达一间小砖房。

恩济玛：别担心，不必锁自行车，放倒在地上就可以了。

凯尔托：一位白发老人开了门。

希斯维：（说外语。）

凯尔托：恩济玛把药递给他，收到了送药费，约90美分。我问那位名叫罗伊斯·柏高的老人，他觉得这个服务怎么样。

罗伊斯·柏高：哦，非常棒。因为我和我的妻子——我们上了年纪，没有那些药，我就活不下去了。

凯尔托：两人相互道谢后，恩济玛重新骑上自行车。几年前，当他开设这项业务时，恩济玛只有两位客户，他的祖母和祖父。如今，他有了更多的客户。济玛：694位。尔托：客户吗？济玛：是的。尔托：哇。济玛：我干得不赖，伙计。尔托：他还有六个员工，像任何成功的商人一样，他还在扩展他的公司。