陈祖琴 杨瑶君 黎青 彭宇 耿丹丹 黄文丽



摘 要: 为了探究60Co-γ射线对竹纤维的影响,以慈竹为试验材料,研究不同辐照剂量处理对慈竹纤维结构及吸水性能的影响。通过失重率的测定和扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、广角X射线衍射(XRD)等分析方法,研究了辐照剂量对竹纤维结构的影响。结果表明:经辐照后的竹粉失重率由33.3%升高到54.0%;SEM发现辐照剂量为50 kGy时,竹纤维上出现有降解迹象的小孔。FI-RT和XRD结果显示辐照并未改变竹纤维结构,竹纤维结晶度随辐照剂量升高呈先升高后降低的趋势变化;随着辐照剂量增加,竹纤维的吸水和吸盐水率先降低后升高。本研究结果为竹纤维辐照应用提供理论基础。
关键词: 60Co-γ射线;辐照;竹纤维;傅立叶红外光谱;广角X射线衍射
中图分类号:TS1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-3020(2020)06-0018-06
Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of 60Co-γ ray on bamboo fiber,the effect of different irradiation dose treatment on the structure and water absorption of Cizhu fiber was studied.The effects of irradiation dose on bamboo fiber structure were studied by measuring the weight loss rate and scanning electron microscopy (SEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results showed that the weight loss rate of bamboo powder after irradiation increased from 33.3% to 54.0%;when the irradiation dose was 50 kGy,the small holes with signs of degradation appeared on the bamboo fiber.The results of FT-IR and XRD showed that the irradiation did not change the bamboo fiber structure.The crystallinity of bamboo fiber increased first and then decreased with the increase of irradiation dose.With the increase of irradiation dose,the absorption and absorption of bamboo fiber decreased first then rising.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the application of bamboo fiber irradiation.
Key words: 60Co-γ ray;irradiation;bamboo fiber;FT-IR;XRD
竹子生長速度快、生长周期短、再生能力强,是缓解木材供需矛盾的重要森林资源[1]。竹纤维是从竹子中提取出来的一种纤维材料,具有很高的绿色环保型、优良的透气性、独特的回弹性、瞬间吸水性以及较强的纵向横向强度等优良特性,同时能与塑料等其他材料复合形成绿色、可循环利用的环境友好型复合材料[2]。天然竹纤维化学成分主要是纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,是高分子聚合多糖,分子一级结构主要为特定的结构单元以共价键形成线性结构,纤维二糖通过β(1→4)糖甘键形成线性纤维素[3]。辐照是利用高能射线使物质的物理性质或化学组成发生某些变化。……