低温胁迫对台湾泥鳅抗氧化系统与能量代谢的影响

陶志英 马本贺 王海华 李秋桃 徐先栋

摘要：为了研究低温胁迫对台湾泥鳅抗氧化系统与能量代谢的影响，将台湾泥鳅在10℃水中暂养1周后分别放入3个温度组（4℃、10℃、16℃）各30尾，温度胁迫后于0h、6h、12h、24h和48h进行解剖采肝脏组织，检测氧化物歧化酶（ SOD）、过氧化氢酶（ CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶（ GSH-PX）活力，丙二醛（ MDA）含量，三磷酸腺苷（ATP）含量共5个指标。实验结果表明，不同温度组间，各指标差异显著。4℃和16℃组中SOD活性先降后升，10℃组中SOD活性较平稳。4℃组中CAT活性变化与SOD相似， 10℃和16℃组组中CAT活性先降后升趋稳。4℃组中GSH-PX活性变化与SOD、CAT保持一致，10℃和16℃组中GSH-PX活性先升后降，分别于12h、24h时达最大值。4℃组中MDA含量先升后降趋稳，10℃组中MDA含量上升趋稳。16℃组中中MDA含量呈波动性下升，至48h时达最低值。这些均说明低温下泥鳅机体受损伤严重，在秋冬季节应采取相应保护措施。4℃组中T-ATP含量先降后升，48h时高于0h时含量。10℃和16℃组中T-ATP含量呈上升趋势。说明台湾泥鳅的自我修复能力较强。

关键词：温度胁迫;台湾泥鳅;抗氧化指标

中图分类号：S965       文献标识码：A

Abstract： In order to study the effects of cold Stress on antioxidant defense and energy metabolism of Paramisgurnus dabryanus， the muddy shovel at 10℃， After holding for one week in the water， they were placed in three temperature groups （4℃， 10℃， 16℃） for 30 tails. After temperature stress， the liver tissues were dissected at 0 h， 6 h， 12 h， 24 h and 48 h to detect oxide disproportionation. Enzyme （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， glutathione catalase （GSH-PX） activity， malondialdehyde （MDA） content， adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content a total of five indicators. The experimental results show that the indicators vary significantly among different temperature groups. The SOD activity in the 4℃ and 16℃ groups decreased first and then increased， and the SOD activity in the 10℃ group was stable. The change of CAT activity in the 4℃ group was similar to that of SOD. The CAT activity in the group at 10°C and 16°C decreased first and then stabilized. The activity of GSH-PX in the 4°C group was consistent with SOD and CAT. The activity of GSH-PX in the 10℃ and 16℃ groups increased first and then decreased， reaching the maximum at 12 h and 24 h， respectively. The MDA content in the 4℃ group increased first and then decreased， and the MDA content in the 10℃ group increased. The MDA content in the 16℃ group fluctuated and rose to the lowest value at 48 h. All of these indicate that the muddy body is seriously damaged under low temperature， and corresponding protective measures should be taken in autumn and winter. The content of T-ATP in the 4℃ group decreased first and then increased， and was higher than that at 0 h at 48 h. The T-ATP content in the 10℃ and 16℃ groups showed an upward trend. It shows that  Paramisgurnus dabryanus has a strong ability to repair itself.

Key words： temperature stress; Paramisgurnus dabryanus; antioxidant index

水溫是影响鱼类生理活动和行为特征的一个重要环境因子。水温的变化会导致鱼体的多种生理应激反应，使鱼类代谢加速和能量需求增加，同时伴随着活性氧自由基（reactive oxygen species，ROS） 的过量产生，使鱼类酶系统受到不同程度的破坏。甚至引起蛋白质、核酸和甾醇类物质的损伤以及细胞膜脂质的过氧化等。长期处于这种氧化压力下，将导致鱼体免疫防御能力和抗病力下降，影响鱼类的正常生长[1]。而动物体内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）是机体清除自由基的关键酶类，而肝脏中丙二醛（ MDA）的含量可反映机体内脂质过氧化的程度[2]。……