张磊 刘林 高旭 郑朝文 刘震 蒋春闪 左静芝 姚爱明
摘 要:workshop工作坊是一种根据实际问题、重构案例的情境以促使学生身临其境,充分调动其主观能动性,将知识点线面的教学改为基于问题导向的思维导图式的教学。通过基于问题导向和临床实践需求开展工作坊教学模式进行实践与探索,将创伤的病理生理学、诊断学、麻醉学、基本外科实践学与高级生命支持及创伤特有的救治理论与实操相结合,将创伤教学工作基本理论和实践操作有机结合,改变仅注重知识的传授忽视学生主观能动性的传统培训模式,此种教改模式进一步提高了应用型本科及创伤规培医师专业的教学水平。
关键词:工作坊 创伤急诊 问题导向 教学 规培
Abstract: The workshop is a kind of teaching that reconstructs the situation of the case according to the actual problem to urge students to be on the scene, fully mobilize their subjective initiative, and change the teaching of knowledge points, line and surface to problem-oriented mind-mapped teaching. Practice and explore through the workshop teaching model based on the problem-oriented and clinical practice needs, and combine the pathophysiology, diagnostics, anesthesiology, basic surgical practice of trauma with advanced life support and trauma-specific treatment theory and practice. Combining the basic theory and practice of trauma teaching work organically, changing the traditional training model that only pays attention to the imparting of knowledge and neglects students' subjective initiative. This teaching reform model further improves the teaching level of applied undergraduates and trauma physicians.
Key Words: Workshop; Trauma emergency; Problem oriented; Teaching; Planning and training
目前国内医学院校基于不同课程所形成的实践教学模式有多种,如PBL案例教学、微课、慕课、课程设计、专项实习等,尽管已经设置了比较完备的实践教学体系,但在具体实施过程中,由于课时、课程之间的衔接性等原因,实践性课程通常并不能够完全达到对于理论课程融会贯通的授课效果,这些模式在形成和实际运用的过程中都有一个突出的特点,即理论课程与实践课程缺乏必要的相互衔接,无法突显实践课程的应用性。这主要体现为各种学习环节的脱节,实习及规培医生的学习由不同的教师在不同的时间教授不同的课程,不能形成对于专业的整体性的把握认识,致使学生在学习中往往难以把握,缺乏综合运用的能力;同时,教学的目的性不明确,学生不能学以致用,仅限于理论的探讨,不能够转化为真正的实践能力,这对于医学生毕业后独立走上工作岗位是十分不利的。……