冷启兴 钱晓红 闫鹏 余魁
摘要 番茄是一种广受人民群众喜爱的蔬菜,我国设施大棚番茄栽培面积逐渐扩大,但连作障碍影响了设施番茄产业的发展。沙培是一种以沙子为基质的无土栽培方式,对解决设施番茄连作障碍和提升番茄品质具有很好的作用。本文主要介绍了设施大棚番茄沙培技术、水肥管理技术和病虫害防治技术等内容,以期为设施大棚番茄生产提供一定的技术参考和借鉴。
关键词 设施大棚;番茄;沙培;水肥管理
中图分类号 S641.225.2 文献标识码 B
文章编号 1007-5739(2020)11-0079-02 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)
Facility Greenhouse Sand Culture Tomato Production Technology
LENG Qi-xing 1,2 QIAN Xiao-hong 3 YAN Peng 2 YU Kui 1
(1 Zhejiang Lvji Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Pinghu Zhejiang 314207; 2 Beijing Zhongshui Runde Technology Co.,Ltd.;
3 Pinghu Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Center)
Abstract Tomato is a kind of vegetable which is widely loved by the masses. The cultivation area of greenhouse tomato in China is gradually expanding,but the continuous cropping obstacle affects the development of greenhouse tomato industry. Sand culture is a kind of soilless cultivation method based on sand,which can solve the continuous cropping obstacle and improve the quality of tomato. This paper mainly introduced the sand culture technology,water and fertilizer management technology and pest and disease control technology of tomato in greenhouse,in order to provide some technical references for tomato production in greenhouse.
Key words greenhouse;tomato;sand culture;water and fertilizer management
番茄是一種广受喜爱、种植范围广泛的蔬菜作物,全世界番茄产值超600亿美元。中国是全球番茄种植面积最大、产量最大的国家。设施番茄生产普遍存在长期连作现象,导致番茄的品质和产量降低,病虫害易发,影响设施番茄产业的可持续发展[1-2]。无土栽培技术通过人为创造良好的根际环境,以充分满足作物对水肥气热等环境条件的需求,从而取代土壤环境,有效防止土壤盐分积累和土壤连作病害对作物造成生理障碍。沙培是一种基质为沙子的无土栽培方式。沙子通透性强且清洁,因而沙培作物具有干净、病害少和采收方便等特点;而且由于沙子的比热容较小,升温快,降温也快,保证地温的同时,能产生较大温差。因此,以沙子为基质栽培的果蔬具有口感好、病害少、产量高等优势,深受消费者的青睐。现将设施番茄沙培种植技术总结如下。……