龚建国 涂清芳


摘要 现阶段人们生活水平不断提高,对于食物的需求已经从解决日常温饱问题向需要更加卫生、健康的食物过渡,我国对于农作物无公害栽培日益重视。本文在介绍滁菊特征特性的基础上,总结了滁菊无公害栽培技术,包括无公害栽培要求、种苗繁育、大田准备、定植、田间管理、病虫害防治及采收等方面内容,以期为滁菊无公害生产提供参考。
关键词 滁菊;无公害;栽培技术
中图分类号 S682.11 文献标识码 B
文章编号 1007-5739(2020)11-0095-02 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)
Pollution-free Cultivation Techniques of Chrysanthemum
GONG Jian-guo 1 TU Qing-fang 2
(1 Chuzhou Chuju Research Institute,Chuzhou Anhui 239000; 2 Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College)
Abstract At the present stage,people′s living standard is constantly improving,and people′s demand for food has shifted from solving the daily food and clothing problem to requiring more hygienic and healthy food. Our country pays more and more attention to pollution-free cultivation of crops.Based on the introduction of the morphological characteristics of chrysanthemum,this paper summarized the pollution-free cultivation techniques of chrysanthemum,including the requirements of pollution-free cultivation,seedling breeding,field preparation,transplanting,field management,disease and insect pest control and harvesting,so as to provide references for pollution-free production of chrysanthemum.
Key words chrysanthemum;pollution-free;cultivation technique
滁菊是菊科菊属多年生宿根植物,主要产于安徽滁州,是菊花中花瓣最为紧密的一种。因产于定远池河一带,故又有“池菊”“池茶菊”之称。滁菊性温和,气味清香,可入药,是我国四大名菊(滁菊、杭菊、河南怀菊、安徽亳菊)之一、安徽省四大著名道地药材之一,既可作为花卉观赏,又可作清凉饮料。滁菊具有消热解毒、舒筋活血、护肝明目、增强人体免疫功能等作用,对高血压、冠心病、动脉硬化等疗效显著。《本草纲目》记载:“滁州菊,单瓣色白,味甘为上”。在北宋年间,人们就开始用滁菊做糕点食用、泡滁菊酒解毒祛火,每逢亲友聚会,经常用滁菊款待和馈赠,滁州太守王禹偁在《甘菊冷淘》中对滁菊进行描述“经年厌梁肉,颇觉道乏浑。孟春奉斋戒,敕厨唯素餐”;欧阳修也鼓励农户种植滁菊,以此代替赋税。清朝光绪元年,滁菊被朝廷纳为贡品,故有“滁州贡菊”之称。近年研究发现,滁菊对SARS病毒、癌症(尤其是肝癌)等有良好的预防作用,对糖尿病有明显的治疗作用。……