崔东旭



摘 要:跨座式单轨指通过单根轨道梁来支撑、稳定和导向,车辆骑跨在轨道梁上运行的轨道系统。与传统双轨轨道车辆相比,跨座式列车具备适应性强、噪声低、转弯半径小、爬坡能力非常强等诸多优势。因此,跨座式单轨在国内外得到广泛的应用。重庆作为山地城市,是我国第一个采用跨座式单轨的城市。本文首先分析国内外跨座式单轨应用情况,然后结合重庆已有的成功经验,对跨座式单轨在重庆的适应性进行分析。
关键词:跨座式单轨;发展历程;适应性
Abstract: The straddle-type monorail refers to the track system that supports, stabilizes and guides through a single rail beam, and the vehicle rides across the track beam running on it. Compared with traditional two-track vehicles, cross-seat trains have many advantages such as adaptability, low noise, small turning radius and strong climbing ability. Based on this advantage, the straddle-type monorail has a wide range of applications at home and abroad. Chongqing as a mountain city, is the first city in China to adopt the straddle-type monorail. This paper first analyzed the application of straddle-type monorail at home and abroad, and then analyzed the adaptability of straddle-type monorail in Chongqing based on the successful experience of Chongqing.
Keywords: straddle-type monorail;development process;adaptability
1 跨座式單轨的发展历程
单轨交通是城市中采用电力牵引、在一条轨道梁上运行的交通模式,属于中运量轨道交通系统。根据车辆与轨道梁的相互关系,单轨交通可以分为跨座式单轨和悬挂式单轨。跨座式单轨是车辆跨行于梁轨合一的轨道梁上。车辆除走行轮外,在转向架的两侧有导向轮和稳定轮,夹行于轨道梁的两侧,保证车辆沿轨道安全平稳地行驶[1]。
跨座式单轨具有爬坡能力强、转弯半径小、载客量大、安全可靠、噪声低、节能环保等优势。
单轨交通的历史悠久,早在1824年,世界上第一条世界第一条单轨运输线就已出现,但一直到1888年,真正意义上的世界上第一条跨座式单轨铁路线才得以建成。在第二次世界大战以后,随着科学技术的进步,跨座式单轨铁路技术才受到各方重视,逐渐完善和成熟起来。
现代意义的跨座式单轨交通设计直到1958年才于欧洲成型,但随着该项技术被日本日立收购,跨座式单轨交通技术研发转移至日本,日本也成为了最先将单轨交通用作城市轨道交通并进行规模化修建的国家。……