基于BIM技术的大型钢结构建筑可靠性 检测方法研究

田国锋 王学民 郭慧娟

摘  要： 针对现有大型钢结构建筑可靠性检测方法执行效率低、检测精度低等问题，设计基于BIM技术的大型钢结构建筑可靠性检测方法。首先以大型建筑钢结构为研究对象，运用BIM技术建立合理的建筑钢结构的功能函数用于描述极限状态，以极限状态方程为约束条件构建大型钢结构建筑可靠性分析约束优化模型。其次使用曾广乘子法将约束优化模型转变为无约束优化模型，使用模拟退火算法对该模型进行求解。最后模拟大型建筑钢结构形变状态设计对比实验，实验结果表明与同类检测方法相比，应用基于BIM技术的大型钢结构建筑可靠性检测方法后，检测精度提升97.77%以上，有效缓解了检测效率低下情况。

关键词： 大型钢结构; 可靠性检测; BIM技术; 无约束优化模型; 参数设定; 对比验证

中图分类号： TN957?34                             文献标识码： A                      文章编号： 1004?373X（2020）06?0090?03

Research on large?scale steel structure building reliability detection

method based on BIM technology

TIAN Guofeng， WANG Xuemin， GUO Huijuan

（Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering， Cangzhou 061000， China）

Abstract： As the low execution efficiency and detection precision of reliability detection methods for existing large?scale steel structure buildings， a large?scale steel structure building reliability detection method based on BIM technology is designed. The large?scale building steel structure is taken as the research object， and the functional function of the reasonable building steel structure is established with BIM technology to describe the limit state， and the constraint optimization model for reliability analysis of large steel structures is built taken the limit state equation as the constraint condition. The constrained optimization model is transformed into the unconstrained optimization model by means of the augmented multiplier method， which is solved by means of the simulated annealing algorithm. A comparative experiment to simulate the deformation state of large?scale building steel structure is designed. The experimental results show that， in comparison with the similar detection methods， after the application of BIM technology based reliability detection method for large?scale steel structure buildings， the detection precision is improved to more than 97.77%， which effectively alleviates the detection inefficiency.

Keywords： large?scale steel structure; reliability detection; BIM technology; unconstrained optimization model; parameter setting; comparison validation

0  引  言

在实际工程中，由于受众多外界因素的影响，大型建筑钢结构的实际几何参数与设计理想值的偏离度较大。在设计阶段有效分析外界影响因素对大型建筑钢结构的影响，需要通过可靠性检测来判断大型建筑钢结构的承载能力[1?2]。

关于大型钢结构建筑的可靠性检测，国内外很多学者都进行了大量的探索，例如熊殿华等人针对大型建筑结构的分析，依据大型建筑钢结构参数分析所形成的影响程度，结合粗糙集理论建立钢结构模型[3]。对该模型的不确定性进行区间描述，结合可靠性区间分析方法以及粗糙集变量功能函数创建建筑钢结构可靠指标评价方式，实现大型钢结构建筑可靠性检测性能的提升。……