不同糜子品种丰产性、稳产性及适应性综合分析

王艳芝 盖彦华 盖颜欣 李英娜 曹艳蕊 于水民 吕金娜 赵仁俊 苏婧

摘要 为筛选适合承德种植的糜子品种，2019年在围场县、隆化县、平泉市3个不同地点对来源于山西、陕西、内蒙古、承德的育成品种或当地农家种的丰产性、稳产性及适应性进行了分析和评价。结果表明，晋黍5号和雁黍11号品种丰产性好，平均产量分别为3 321.9和3 251.0 kg/hm2，均属于特殊型品种，在高肥水条件下品种增产潜力大;南天门黑黍子和晋黍2号品种丰产性好，适合在地力水平低、瘠薄地推广种植，可获得较高产量。榆黍1号、蒋杖子白黍子和通辽大白黍3个品种可作为特殊资源加以利用。

关键词 糜子;品种;丰产性;稳产性;适应性

中图分类号 S516 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0020-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.006

Abstract In order to screen millet varieties suitable for planting in Chengde， we analyzed and evaluated the fertility， stability and adaptability of cultivated varieties or local farm species at Weichang County， Longhua County and Pingquan City in 2019， which were originated from Shanxi， Shaanxi， Inner Mongolia， and Chengde. Results showed that Jinshu No. 5 and Yanshu No. 11 had relatively high yield， which were 3 321.9 and 3 251.0 kg/hm2， respectively. These two varieties were special varieties， which had great potential for increasing yield under high-fertilizer conditions. Jinshu No. 2 and Nantianmen black millet showed high yield and they were suitable for low-fertility and popular cultivation in barren land to obtain better yield. Yushu No.1， Jiangzhangzi white millet and Tongliao big white millet could be used as special resources.

Key words Millet;Variety;High yield;Stable yield;Adaptability

糜子（ Panicum miliaceum L.）屬禾本科黍属 （Panicum miliaceum） 的一个栽培种，是典型节水耐旱性作物，具有生育期短、耐旱、耐瘠、耐盐碱性强、适应范围较广、成熟早等特点。糜子籽粒中富含蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质等多种营养成分，其营养价值和药用价值逐渐被人们所认识，可作为经济作物种植。糜子在发展粮食生产和促进种植结构调整中有不可替代的作用[1-2]。新品种的培育和推广是提高糜子单产和总产水平最经济有效的措施之一。准确地对糜子品种合理评价、确定适宜推广范围可充分发挥优良品种的增产作用。鉴于此，笔者在借鉴其他作物相关研究的基础上[3-6]，分析7个不同糜子品种的丰产性、稳产性及适应性，旨在筛选出适合当地推广种植的糜子品种，为今后糜子品种的选育和推广应用提供理论依据。……