塔罗科血橙新系早结丰产稳产整形修剪新技术

陈泉 何锦辉 汪小伟 焦雁翔 黄仁军 冯小华 孙海均

摘要 [目的]研究适宜三峡库区塔罗科血橙新系的高效整形修剪技术，有效解决产量低的问题。[方法]于2011—2019年对不同树龄、不同树势的塔罗科血橙新系进行不同修剪方式处理，并进行了多年观察。[结果]创新总结出一套塔罗科血橙新系早结丰产稳产整形修剪技术，有效攻克了其成花难、产量低、大小年严重的难题。[结论]这套技术适宜三峡库区晚熟柑橘塔罗科血橙新系的修剪，广泛用于生产实践中，具有显著的经济、社会和生态效益。

关键词 塔罗科血橙新系; 早结丰产稳产; 整形修剪

中图分类号 S666.4 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0027-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.008

Abstract [Objective]To study the efficient shaping and pruning technology suitable for the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and tarocco blood orange nucellar line， and effectively solve the problem of low yield.[Method]In 2011-2019，trees of different ages and potentials were pruned in different ways，and were observed for many years.[Result]A set of shaping and pruning techniques for early harvest， high yield and stable yield of tarocco blood orange nucellar line were innovatively summarized， which effectively solved the difficult problem of flower formation， low yield and serious problems.[Conclusion]This technology is suitable for the pruning of late ripening tarocco blood orange nucellar line in Three Gorges Reservoir Area， and has been widely used in production practice， bringing significant economic， social and ecological benefits.

Key words Tarocco blood orange nucellar line;Early harvest and stable yield;Shaping and pruning

塔羅科血橙新系 （C.sinensis ‘Tarocco）是从意大利西西里岛塔罗科血橙珠心后代选育的优变无性系，其果大无核，脆嫩多汁，甜酸适口，风味香浓，果色呈玫瑰红，果肉有玫瑰味道，果实1—2月成熟，上市时间可延长至4月底，有效避开大部分中熟品种集中上市高峰，经济社会效益显著[1-2]。春梢和秋梢是塔罗科血橙的主要结果母枝，内膛抽生的枝梢和春梢也能结果[3]。但从原产地地中海气候条件下引入三峡库区栽培后，库区特有的高温高湿寡照气候条件带给塔罗科血橙新系生长的最适宜环境[4]，但也常出现枝梢徒长，成花和结实率低，果实着色不均，糖度偏低与酸度偏高等问题[5-6]。如何科学实施树体结构管理，适当抑制枝梢长势，提高树冠整体光照和光合产物积累水平，是塔罗科血橙新系整形修剪的难点和关键。……