4个脱毒草莓品种引种性状观察及分析

刘峻蓉 文俊 王正勇 罗文明 张国建 张建昆 祁永琼 盛鹏 张梅 李石友

摘要 为了让种植者更加清晰地了解不同草莓品种的性状特点，以东川引种的草莓品种“红颜”“章姬”“妙香7号”“白草莓”为试材，从植物学性状、果实品质性状、发病率进行了研究。结果表明，“章姬”“红颜”“妙香7号”果个大产量高，“白草莓”果个小产量低。“章姬”“红颜”和“白草莓”可溶性固形物含量高，口感甜，“白草莓”略有桃香味，但“章姬”和“白草莓”不耐储运，适宜即采即食，建议作为观光园区种植，在当地销售，“白草莓”作为特色草莓品种小面积栽培;“红颜”和“妙香7号”储运性好，建议将“红颜”作为东川区和滇中城市近郊适宜推广种植的品种，“妙香7号”口感微酸，抗病性强，可以作为加工草莓种植。种植者可以根据不同的需要及产品定位来选择适宜的栽培品种。

关键词 草莓;引种;性状

中图分类号 S668.4 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0032-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.010

Abstract In order to make the growers understand the characteristics of different strawberry varieties more clearly， the strawberry varieties introduced from Dongchuan， “Hongyan” “Zhangji” “Miaoxiang 7” ，“White Strawberry”， were used as materials to observe and analyze the botanical characteristics， fruit quality characteristics and incidence. The results showed that“Zhangji” “Hongyan” “Miaoxiang 7”had a high yield， while“White Strawberry” had a low yield. “Zhangji”“Hongyan” and “White Strawberry” had high soluble solids content， sweet taste and slightly peach flavor. “Zhangji” and “White Strawberry” were not durable for storage and transportation， so they were suitable for ready-to-eat. It was suggested that they should be planted in tourist park and sold locally， and that “White Strawberry”be cultivated in small area as a characteristic strawberry variety， while “Red Beauty” and “Miaoxiang 7” were well stored and transported. It was suggested that “Red Beauty” be used as suitable varieties for popularization and planting in Dongchuan area and the suburbs of central Yunnan.“Miaoxiang 7” had a slightly sour taste and good disease resistance. It could be planted as processing strawberry. Growers could choose suitable cultivars according to different needs and product positioning.

Key words Strawberry; Introduction;Character

近年來云南草莓产业发展迅速，引入品种较多，“红颜”“章姬”等品种引种种植面积较大。很多种植者不了解各品种的特点，盲目引种。为了让种植者更清晰地了解不同草莓品种的性状，2017—2019年太空蔬菜项目组引入“红颜”“章姬”“妙香7号”“白草莓”4个脱毒苗品种在昆明红园宝玉绿化有限公司东川基地进行种植，测定了不同品种草莓的植物学性状、果实品质性状;针对草莓生产上常见的炭疽病、白粉病、黄萎病、灰霉病、根腐病5种病害的发病情况进行调查[1]，以期为生产上选择发病率低的草莓品种提供理论依据，推动滇中地区草莓产业的发展。……