史红玉 贾宇航 向珞宁 罗先强 冼耀强 周胜



摘要 [目的]研究不同基质下的苦草去污能力。[方法]开展不同基质下的苦草净水模拟试验,设5个处理:T1(对照组):底泥+水+苦草 (Vallisneria natans) ,T2:底泥+2层无纺布+沙+水+苦草;T3:底泥+2层无纺布+玉米芯+沙+水+苦草;T4:底泥+2层无纺布+生物质焦+沙+水+苦草;T5:底泥+2層无纺布+玉米芯+生物质焦+沙+水+苦草。[结果]苦草的5项生理指标显示,基质中添加有机物会促进植物的生长,T3和 T5试验组中苦草的生长状态最好。4组试验组与对照组相比对水体的净化效果均高于对照组,且T4试验组的净水效果最好。在最后一次的净化速率对比中,T5试验组的去除速率最快,净水效果最好。[结论]基质净水在试验初期效果比较好,但根本上对水体的净化还需要依靠沉水植物。
关键词 基质;苦草;底泥;净水
中图分类号 X52 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2020)14-0062-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.017
Abstract [Objective]To study the decontamination ability of Vallisneria natants under different matrix.[Method]Simulation experiments of V.natans water purification under different substrates were carried out: T1(control group): sediment+water+ V.natans, T2: sediment+two layers of non-woven fabric+sand+water+ V.natans, T3: sediment+two layers of non-woven fabric+corncob+sand+water+ V.natans, T4: sediment+two layers of non-woven fabric+activated carbon+sand+water+ V.natans, T5: sediment+two layers of non-woven fabric+corncob+activated carbon+sand+water+ V.natans. [Result]According to the five physiological indexes of adding organic substances into the matrix could promote the growth of plants,and the growth state of V.natans was the best in T3 and T5 test groups.Compared with the control group,the water purification effect of the four groups of tests was higher than that of the control group,and the T4 test group had the best water purification effect.In the last purification rate comparison,T5 had the fastest removal rate and the best purification effect.[Conclusion]The effect of matrix water purification is better at the beginning of the experiment,but the purification of water body basically depends on submerged plants.
Key words Substrate; Vallisneria natans; Bottom mod;Water purification
水体的基质除了是水生植物根的固着基础,水生植物生长、繁殖等的基本条件及最重要的环境影响因素之一外,还可以为水生植物提供各类营养元素及微量元素,而且,不同基质的物理、化学、微生物的性质会有所差异,同时对水生植物生根、繁殖与生长等也会产生不同程度的影响[1-2]。有研究表明,生物炭可以提高底泥的硝化作用强度,能够抑制底泥释放氨氮,同时,可以对水体、底泥氮磷的吸附和生境起到改善作用,可为沉水植物提供适宜的生存环境,沉水植物与生物炭的结合能进一步修复净化水体,稳定水生态系统,提高水生态系统的生物多样性[3]。……