放养密度对泥鳅育苗效果的影响

梁少民 张小磊

摘要 为了研究放养密度对解泥鳅幼苗育苗效果的影响，设计用池塘网箱模式进行同一池塘不同密度A（5 000尾/m3）、B（4 000尾/m3）和C（3 000尾/m3）处理下的泥鳅育苗效果研究，分别统计不同密度下泥鳅幼苗的体长生长特点、体重变化和幼苗成活率，并利用密度、体重生长、体长生长、成活率、成活绝对数量等5个指标参数综合成一个育苗效果指标，分析放养密度对泥鳅育苗效果的影响。结果表明：从第9天开始，3种密度的幼苗体长有差异，第25天A、B处理体长接近且均低于C，30 d后各处理类型的体长生长速率均减小。泥鳅幼苗体重增长最快的是C处理，第30天后泥鳅幼苗的体重C处理明显高于A和B处理。A处理的幼苗成活率只有21.50%，B和C处理的成活率分别为45.28%和47.07%。根据5项指标综合计算，得出3种密度处理A、B、C的泥鳅幼苗育苗效果综合指标分别为0.038、0.247和0.193，因此B处理育苗效果最佳。

关键词 放养密度;泥鳅育苗;生长率;育苗效果

中图分类号 S966.4 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0094-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.026

Abstract In order to understand the influence of the stocking density on the seedling raising effect of Misgurnus anguillicaulatus seedlings，a pond cage model was used to design a seedling model for the same pond with different densities A（5 000/m3），B（4 000/m3） and C（3 000/m3）.The growth characteristics，body weight changes，and survival rate of seedlings of M. anguillicaulatus seedlings at different densities were calculated. And five index parameters such as density，body weight growth，body length growth，survival rate，and absolute number of survival were integrated into one index of nursery performance to analyze the effect of stocking density on the performance of M.anguillicaulatus seedlings. The results showed from the 9th day，the body length of three kinds of seedlings were different. On the 25th day，the body length of A and B treatments were close to each other and were all lower than C. After 30 days，the growth speeds of the body length of all treatments were reduced. The fastest increase in body weight of M. anguillicaulatus seedlings was treatment C，and the weight of M. anguillicaulatus seedlings in treatment C was significantly higher than A and B treatments after 30 days. The survival rate of treatment A was only 21.50%，and the survival rate of B and C treatments were 45.28% and 47.07%，respectively. According to calculations，the comprehensive indicators of M. anguillicaulatus seedlings in A，B，and C treatments were 0.038，0.247 and 0.193，respectively. Therefore，B treatment was the best for seedling raising.

Key words Stocking density; M. anguillicaulatus seedlings;Growth rate;Seedling effect

放养密度是渔业生产的一个重要因素。由于放养密度对鱼类生长的影响比较复杂，有关于密度对幼苗生长的影响研究[1-5]，也有探讨密度对鱼不同发育阶段的影响[6-8]。分阶段探讨放养密度對育苗生长的影响是是渔业生产的一个重要环节，目前针对放养密度对鱼类生长影响的研究已经比较普遍，绝大多数研究主要是以质量增加率、增长率为主要指标，其中渔业养殖过程中一个重要指标就是成活率，将鱼类体重生长、体长生长、成活率等指标综合成一个参数，研究放养密度对养殖的影响就显得更加科学。……