尼西鸡鸡蛋中营养成分研究

杨梅宏 和玉凤 姚雯 王晓丹 付玲凡

摘要 以不同产蛋阶段、不同养殖方式下的尼西鸡鸡蛋为对象，采用液相色谱法、原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光光度法、分光光度法，对基地尼西鸡初生蛋、基地尼西鸡非初生蛋、农户家养尼西鸡非初生蛋、市售普通土鸡蛋4种鸡蛋中VPP、胆固醇、矿物元素（钙、磷、钾、碘、铁、锌、硒）的含量进行分析。结果表明，不同产蛋阶段、不同养殖方式的尼西鸡鸡蛋中VPP、胆固醇、矿物元素的含量存在明显差异。不同产蛋阶段下磷、钾、碘、锌的含量初生蛋和非初生蛋的差异不大，非初生蛋中VPP、胆固醇、钙、硒的含量显著高于初生蛋。不同养殖方式下磷、碘、硒的含量农户家养蛋和基地产蛋的差异不大，基地产蛋中VPP、钙、铁、锌等矿物元素的含量显著高于农户家养蛋。尼西鸡鸡蛋相较于市场上的普通鸡蛋营养价值更高。

关键词 尼西鸡鸡蛋;VPP;胆固醇;矿物质元素

中图分类号 TS201.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0184-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.052

Abstract Taking Nixi chicken eggs in different egg laying stages and different breeding methods as objects，the content of VPP， cholesterol and mineral elements （calcium， phosphorus， potassium， iodine， iron， zinc， selenium） in four kinds of eggs （including base Nixi chicken newborn eggs， base Nixi chicken non-newborn eggs， farmers family Nixi chicken non-newborn eggs and market common earth eggs） were analyzed by using liquid chromatography， atomic absorption spectrophotometry， atomic fluorescence spectrometry and spectrophotometry. The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of VPP， cholesterol and mineral elements in Nixi chicken eggs at different egg production stages and different breeding methods. The content of phosphorus， potassium， iodine and zinc in different egg laying stages was not significantly different between newborn and non-newborn eggs.The content of VPP， cholesterol， calcium and selenium in non-newborn eggs was significantly higher than that of newborn eggs.The content of phosphorus， iodine and selenium in different breeding methods were not significantly different between farmers domestic egg and base egg. The content of mineral elements such as VPP， calcium， iron and zinc in the base egg was significantly higher than that of the farmers family.Nixi chicken eggs had higher nutritional value than ordinary eggs on the market.

Key words Nixi chicken eggs;VPP;Cholesterol;Mineral elements

雞蛋中含有大量的维生素、矿物质及有高生物价值的蛋白质[1]，被誉为与肉类、乳类一样，是人类最好的营养来源之一，且因为价格低廉而备受广大消费者喜爱[2]。特别是尼西鸡鸡蛋，以品质鲜美著称[3-4]。

研究表明，VPP（维生素B类化合物烟酸和烟酰胺混合物的统称）具有预防和治疗糙皮病的功能[5]。胆固醇是构成细胞膜的重要组成成分，不但能合成激素及维生素来参与机体内各种物质的代谢，还能形成胆汁酸来促进脂类物质的消化和吸收[6]，但是相关研究……