姜科植物的蛋白遗传多样性研究

2020-08-04 20:41:33代亚坤王小星袁琳高炳淼
安徽农业科学 2020年14期

代亚坤 王小星 袁琳 高炳淼

摘要 [目的]了解不同姜科植物蛋白水平遗传多样性。[方法]分别采用TCA/丙酮法、Tris-HCl法和试剂盒法提取益智叶片蛋白并进行聚丙烯酰胺电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析,获得最佳蛋白提取方法。采用最佳蛋白提取方法提取7种姜科植物的蛋白并进行SDS-PAGE分析和数据统计,用软件NTSYS对姜科植物进行聚类分析。[结果]试剂盒法为最佳蛋白提取方法,SDS-PAGE结果表明,7种姜科植物中共检出蛋白条带52个,其中共有条带14个和多态性条带38个,平均多态性比率为73.1%。聚类分析结果表明,7种姜科植物可分为4类,聚类结果与姜科植物的种属相关但并非严格一致。[结论]该研究建立了姜科植物的蛋白遗传多样性研究方法,表明姜科植物具有丰富的蛋白遗传多样性,为今后姜科植物的遗传多样性研究提供了理论依据。

关键词 姜科植物;蛋白;聚丙烯酰胺电泳;聚类分析

中图分类号 Q943 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2020)14-0195-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.055

Abstract [Objective]To understand the protein diversity of different Zingiberaceae plants.[Method]The protein of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.was extracted by TCA/acetone method,Tris-HCl method and kit method and analyzed by polyacrylamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to obtain the best protein extraction method.The proteins of seven species of Zingiberaceae plants were extracted by the best protein extraction method and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and statistical data.The clusters of Zingiberaceae plants were analyzed by software NTSYS.[Result]The kit method was the best protein extraction method.The results of SDS-PAGE showed that 52 protein bands were detected in seven species of Zingiberaceae plants,including 14 bands and 38 polymorphic bands.The average polymorphism ratio was 73.1%.The results of cluster analysis indicated that the seven species of Zingiberaceae plants could be divided into four categories,and the clustering results were related to the species of Zingiberaceae but were not strictly consistent.[Conclusion]This study established a method for studying the genetic diversity of Zingiberaceae plants,indicating that the Zingiberaceae plants have rich genetic diversity,which provides a theoretical basis for the future study of the genetic diversity of Zingiberaceae plants.

Key words Zingiberaceae;Protein;SDS-PAGE;Cluster analysis

姜科(Zingiberaceae)是单子叶植物中的一个大科,分为2个亚科4族52 属,约1 500种,主要分布于热带、亚热带地区[1]。在我国,姜科植物主要分布在西南部和东南部的一些省份,有20属、216种[2-3]。姜科植物拥有较长的药用历史,它的药效通常是解表散寒、理气健胃[4]。其中,包含很多常用药材如益智和砂仁,并以“四大南药”而著称[5]。姜科植物的化学成分中均含有挥发油成分,因此有比较芳香的气味,除此之外还含有黄酮类、甾体皂苷类和双苯庚烷类等[6-8]。

姜科植物资源丰富,已有基于PCR扩增技术的分子标记如AFLP、ISSR、SRAP、ITS等研究姜科植物资源的遗传多样性[9-12]。……

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