徐阳



摘要 上海动物园是位于上海市长宁区一座城市动物园,承担着动物保护、市民科普、生态保护等功能。园内水系复杂,水体面积较大,污染源主要为动物饲料粪便、园林绿化、雨水地表径流等。针对上海动物园水体存在的问题,通过水力冲挖、生态浮床以及水、湿生植物垂直结构分区等工程技术手段,改善园内水体质量,修复园内生态环境,以期为城市类似水环境的提升提供参考和依据。
关键词 水体;生态修复技术;上海动物园
中图分类号 X171.4 文献标识码 A
文章編号 0517-6611(2020)14-0198-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.056
Abstract Shanghai Zoo is a city zoo located in Changning District of Shanghai. It has many functions such as animal protection, public science popularization and ecological protection. The water system in the park is complex and the water body area is large. The pollution sources are mainly animal feed manure, landscaping, rainwater surface runoff, etc. In view of the problems existing in the water body of Shanghai Zoo, the quality of the water body in the zoo was improved and the ecological environment was restored through engineering techniques such as hydraulic digging, ecological floating bed and vertical structure division of water and wet plants, so as to provide reference and basis for the improvement of similar water environment in cities.
Key words Water body;Ecological restoration technology;Shanghai Zoo
上海动物园景观水体多为静止水体或流动性较差的封闭或半封闭水体[1],且多为露天水体,容易受到污染,其自身自净能力有限,河面落叶等杂物较多,如天鹅湖有较多禽类羽毛漂浮,部分区域浮游藻类覆盖全水面,水体形成缺氧环境,有明显腥臭味。因此,采取适当的措施对于动物园内水体的治理十分重要。
水、湿生植物是水体生态系统和园林水景的重要组成部分。大量研究表明,水、湿生植物在水体净化、生态修复中发挥重要作用。袁东海等[2]研究了几种湿地植物对生活污水的净化作用,结果发现其对污染水体中化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)的去除效果明显。陈亮等[3]对湿地植物开展的研究发现,旱伞草 (Cyperus involucratus)、灯心草(Juncus effusus)、美人蕉(Canna indica) 等植物对污水具有较强的净化效果,可以作为理想湿地植物,实用性和适应性都很高,不仅容易生长,而且具有相当程度的美感。张倩妮等[4]以29种常见水生植物……