李锦
摘 要:本文采用了文献资料法、访谈法等方法,以宜兴市都山小学为研究对象,调查了其跳高项目训练开展实际情况并得出结论:教练员数量不足、训练能力不高、参加训练学生水平不高、训练时间不足、训练经费不足等,都在一定程度上影响跳高训练的开展。本文建议要强化教练队伍建设,提高训练水平与选材能力,拓展训练时间,拓展经费来源。
关键词:小学体育 跳高项目训练 开展现状
中图分类号:G807 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-2813(2020)06(b)-0129-02
Abstract: This paper uses the methods of literature, interview and so on. Taking Dushan Primary School of Yixing as the research object, it investigates the actual situation of its high jump training and draws a conclusion: the number of coaches is insufficient, the training ability is not high, the level of students participating in the training is not high, the training time is not enough, and the training funds are insufficient, all of which affect the development of high jump training to a certain extent. This paper suggests that we should strengthen the construction of coach team, improve the training level and the ability of selecting materials, expand the training time and expand the source of funds.
Key Words: Primary school sports; High jump training; Current situation
1 跳高项目训练开展基本情况
1.1 训练时间、每周训练次数分析
跳高训练是一种长期的活动方式,按照一定的周训练次数、单次训练时间来开展。宜兴市都山小学教练员开展训练所采用的模式为:每周训练次数为3~4次,主要集中在大课间,单次训练时间基本在30min左右,且寒暑假并未安排训练。对比小学田径训练标准强调的:每周5次,以单次训练课练习为主,并至少保证1h的时长,寒暑假集训为中心,赛前1个月为重点的安排。都山小学跳高项目的训练明显时间短、频率低、间隔时间过长,这些因素都不利于学生对技术动作的掌握、巩固及正确技术的定型,一定程度上影响着跳高项目训练的质量和效果。
1.2 运动员选材
通过访谈了解到,宜兴市都山小学教练员在选材過程中,主要依据每年学生体质测试的数据,根据学生的身体形态、生理机能和身体素质指标来选择。身体形态,即身高、体重、跟腱等;生理机能及身体素质,即小学生体质健康测试(肺活量、50m跑、仰卧起坐等)的成绩来决定。……