尉捷 王丹 王育林



摘要 目的:优化败酱多糖提取工艺,并评价其体外抗氧化活性。方法:在单因素考察的基础上设计正交试验,以提取时间、提取温度、料液比为考察因素,以多糖提取率为考察指标,优化败酱多糖的提取工艺;采用比色法考察其抗氧化活性。结果:最佳条件为提取时间3 h,提取温度100 ℃,提取次数3次,料液比1∶ 25,多糖提取率为(3.42±0.27)%。多糖对1,1-二苯基-2-吡啶酰肼(DPPH)自由基具有较高的清除活性,对超氧阴离子和羟基的自由基清除作用相对不明显。结论:该方法稳定可靠,可用于提取具有较强抗DPPH活性的败酱多糖。
关键词 败酱;多糖;提取条件;抗氧化活性
Extraction Optimization and Antioxidant Activity Estimation for Polysaccharides from Patrinia
WEI Jie1,2,WANG Dan2,WANG Yulin1
(1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China; 2 Beijing City University,Beijing 100083,China)
Abstract Objective: To optimize the extraction process for polysaccharides from Patrinia and to estimate their in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: An orthogonal experiment was designed on the basis of single factor investigation,extraction time,extraction temperature,material-to-liquid ratio was taken as investigation factors,polysaccharide extraction rate was taken as an investigation index,and the extraction process of polysaccharides from Patrinia was optimized; colorimetry was used to investigate its antioxidant activity. Results: The optimal conditions were determined to be 3 h for extraction time,100 ℃ for extraction temperature and 1:25 for solid-liquid ratio,the extraction rate was(3.42±0.27)%.Polysaccharides have high scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-pyridine hydrazide(DPPH)free radicals,but relatively little scavenging activity on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals. Conclusion: This method is stable and reliable,and can be used to extract polysaccharides from Patrinia with strong anti-DPPH activity.
Keywords Patrinia; Polysaccharides; Extraction condition; Antioxidant activity
中圖分类号:R284.1 文献标识码:A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2020.14.002
败酱草,又名胭脂麻,为败酱科植物黄花败酱( Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch.ex Trev)、白花败酱( Patrinia villosa Juss)的带根全草,始载于《神农本草经》。辛、苦,微寒,归胃、大肠、肝经,具有清热解毒、祛瘀止痛等功效,可用于治疗肠痈、肺痈、燥热便秘等证[1]。
败酱中的化学成分主要有黄酮类、皂苷类、环烯醚萜类、挥发油和多糖类等,比较复杂多样[2]。其药理作用也非常广泛,有抑菌、抗病毒、抗炎、镇静、抗肿瘤作用等。孟良玉等从败酱中提取的黄酮类化合物,发现其具有较强的抗氧化活性,沈德凤等发现白花败酱总皂苷通过提高抗氧化能力发挥抗肿瘤作用[3-4]。
从药用植物中提取的多糖因其独特的生物活性,近年来受到了越来越多的关注[5-6]。植物多糖具有较强的抗氧化和调节免疫作用,可以通过体外作为自由基清除剂用于预防多糖的氧化损伤。然而,迄今为止还没有关于败酱多糖(PSP)的抗氧化性的研究报道。……